000
FXUS61 KOKX 221103
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
703 AM EDT Thu Jun 22 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
High pressure over the Gulf of Maine slides into the open Atlantic
today ahead of an approaching warm front. The front lifts through
the region Friday. A series of frontal systems will then move across
the area this weekend into the middle of next week bringing
unsettled weather conditions.

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.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
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ASOS sites on Long Island and in NYC now reporting light rain at 1030z as a weak frontal wave begins to take shape off the Delmarva. This spotty activity continues through the morning, though it appears QPF will be lighter than previously expected into mid-morning as the rain continues to fight dry air and subsidence. Forecast largely remains on track after making minor adjustments to account for this and previous discussion follows. Upper ridging gradually weakens across southern Canada and New England today, while an anomalous and large closed upper low spins across the southeastern US/Tennessee River Valley with a sheared out vort axis rotating around it up the coast. Deep southerly flow ahead of this low will have the weak low pressure wave and warm front riding up the Mid Atlantic coast. The approaching frontogenetic zone and easterly jet will allow for a band of stratiform rain to develop, though competing factors are leading to some uncertainty in rainfall amounts. In favor of moderate to locally heavy rain is a relatively strong LLJ for June (35-40 kt at 925 mb), PWATs increasing to 1 1/2 to 2", and increasing warm rain processes as warm cloud layer deepens to 10-12 kft. On the other hand, initially dry mid levels and subsidence, and guidance indicates the approaching surface wave weakens as it pushes north. CAMs have been a bit bullish with coverage and intensity of the rain early this morning, but the showers should eventually win out as we move later into the morning with increased forcing, allowing for rain to gradually spread from south to north. If heavier rain is to develop, best consensus appears to be across LI and possibly into SW CT (with orographics) into this afternoon. Elsewhere, generally a light to moderate rainfall today. Likely see a lull in the steadiest of the showers by late afternoon or evening as forcing wanes, though increasing low level moisture may allow for areas of drizzle or light rain at times. Patchy fog may also develop this evening, and could linger overnight as the warm front begins to move in. Breezy conditions are expected to resume later this morning and persist through the afternoon as the pressure gradient tightens between the high to the north and approaching Mid Atlantic wave. Gusts generally up to 25 mph, and up to 30 mph along the coast. Winds gradually subside late this afternoon and into the evening the high pushes further into the Atlantic. The rain, clouds, and onshore flow will make for an unseasonably cool June day, with highs in the mid 60s, or 15 to 20 degrees below normals. Temperatures largely remain where they are overnight into early Friday morning. There is potential for the next shortwave to approach overnight, which could instigate additional shower activity close to daybreak Friday.
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&& .SHORT TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH FRIDAY NIGHT/... The closed upper low tracks into the Ohio Valley on Friday, while at the surface, a warm front lifts through the region early in the day, stalling nearby in New England. The day likely begins on the showery side as the warm front moves through. Dew points rise into the upper 60 to near 70 with southerly flow developing post fropa in the morning. Coverage showers and thunderstorms likely becomes more scattered in nature by the afternoon, before expand into the overnight period with increasing forcing. The moist air mass and efficient warm cloud processes will allow heavy downpours to be possible with any convection, and WPC has the region outlined with a marginal risk for excessive rainfall. Temperatures will be a bit milder than Thursday with the region lying in the warm sector, though still below normal values for late June. Highs top out in the mid 70s for most, and remain mild overnight into Saturday morning. Stuck close to the superblend of guidance for this update. && .LONG TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... No significant changes to the forecast thinking for Saturday into the middle of next week. The weather pattern will remain unsettled and the NBM was followed closely this period. A slow moving upper trough and its associated energy move towards New England this weekend. The trough will likely weaken as it approaches, but will help draw in deep moisture, which can be traced to the Gulf of Mexico. Models continue to show PWAT values between 1.75" and 2.00". There will be a surface focus in the form of several frontal boundaries providing convergence and lift along with some support aloft from the approaching trough. These systems will combine to develop showers and some thunderstorms this weekend, with the greatest probabilities occurring on Saturday. Instability looks a bit higher from the NYC metro on N and W, which is where potential exists for a bit more coverage of thunderstorms. Loss of daytime heating should slowly diminish showers and storms Saturday evening into Saturday night. The frontal boundary associated with the upper trough starts to push offshore late Saturday night into Sunday, but a surface trough could hang back over the area Sunday afternoon and evening. This should again support development of showers and a few thunderstorms in the afternoon and evening. WPC has a marginal risk for excessive rainfall highlighted on Saturday and Sunday from the NYC metro on north and west. The main concern is minor urban and poor drainage flooding, but localized flash flooding cannot be ruled out. It will be humid this weekend, but highs should be close to seasonable levels in the upper 70s and low 80s. The upper trough lifts away from the area on Monday as it gets absorbed into yet another larger trough that approaches from the Great Lakes. This renewed troughing will bring another frontal system and a continued unsettled conditions into the middle of the week. The upper trough is progged to slowly move eastward Monday and Tuesday and possibly lift over New England by the middle of the week. The guidance differs on how quickly this will occur given that this is about a week out. However, confidence is increasing that at least diurnal showers and possible thunderstorms will occur each day, mainly in the afternoon and evening. The higher probabilities are currently indicated on Monday and Tuesday afternoons given the focus from the next frontal boundary and upper trough. Coverage may be greatest from around the Hudson River corridor on west Monday and then the entire area Tuesday with the closer proximity of the upper trough. This pattern supports potential of minor urban and poor drainage flooding and localized flash flooding. Temperatures continue near normal levels early next week with continued higher humidities. && .AVIATION /12Z THURSDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
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A warm front and associated wave of low pressure approach from the south through tonight. The front lifts across the terminals on Friday. Light rain continues to spread north early this morning with ceilings continuing to lower to MVFR. MVFR conditions could hold off until middle morning for CT and Lower Hudson Valley terminals. The rain should become steadier late morning into the early afternoon with MVFR conditions falling to IFR. The rain becomes lighter mid to late afternoon and should transition to areas of drizzle this evening. IFR then prevails through tonight and there is potential for LIFR conditions. There is also a chance for fog of 1/4sm-1/2sm overnight, but confidence is too low in its timing and extent to include in the TAF. NE winds 10-15 kt this morning with gusts becoming more frequent for NYC and coastal terminals. Gusts will end by late afternoon with winds weakenening in the evening. Wind speeds generally fall to around 10 kt or less towards 00z Friday. Winds continue to weaken tonight as the direction veers towards the east early Friday morning. An isolated thunderstorm is possible early Friday morning. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Amendments likely for timing of lowering flight categories. Development of IFR ceilings and IFR late morning/early afternoon could be off by 1-2 hours. Gusts could be occasional this morning. The afternoon KJFK and KLGA haze potential forecast is RED...which implies slant range visibility less than 4sm outside of cloud. The afternoon KEWR haze potential forecast is YELLOW...which implies slant range visibility 4-6SM outside of cloud. OUTLOOK FOR 12Z FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY... Friday-Saturday: Showers and MVFR likely. IFR possible. Chance of thunderstorms, mainly each afternoon/evening with highest chance NYC metro on NW. Sunday-Monday: Showers likely, mainly in the afternoon and evening. Chance of thunderstorms with highest chance NYC metros north/west each afternoon and evening. MVFR conditions possible. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE... SCA gusts (25 to 30 kt) should resume on all waters later this morning and into the afternoon, with easterly gradient tightening between a Mid Atlantic low and departing New England high. SCA conds continue for all waters into this evening. Ideal fetch for seas of 3 to 4 ft on LI Sound and 6 to 9 ft on the ocean. Winds gradually subside below SCA this evening, with ocean seas following suit by early Friday morning. Winds and seas look to remain below SCA levels Friday and this weekend. Winds could begin to approach 25 kt on the ocean waters late Monday into Monday night as southerly flow increases with the approach of the next frontal system. Sea may also build close to 5 ft. && .HYDROLOGY... A widespread 1/4 to 3/4" of rainfall is likely to fall today across much of LI and SW CT, with up to 1/2" of rain elsewhere. The probability of 1"/3 hr is low in this stratiform rain environment, and with antecedent dry conditions, not expecting any flooding concerns even if higher amounts are realized. Locally heavy downpours are possible on Friday, and may lead to minor flooding of urban and poor drainage areas. The Weather Prediction Center has placed the entire forecast area in a marginal risk of excessive rainfall. The Weather Prediction Center has placed the western sections of the forecast area (the Lower Hudson Valley and northeast New Jersey) in a marginal risk for excessive rainfall this weekend Saturday and Sunday. The main concern is from minor urban and poor drainage flooding, but localized flash flooding cannot be ruled out. Even areas outside of the aforementioned locations may see heavy rainfall, but at this time, the potential is lower than where there is currently a marginal risk. Locally heavy rainfall remains possible early next week and minor flooding could occur. Hydrologic impacts early next week may be determined by the extent of the rainfall Friday into this weekend. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... There is a high risk of rip current development for all ocean beaches today with building easterly wind swell. Breaking surf likely builds to 5 to 7 ft with a strong e to w longshore component, which will likely also enhance beach erosion. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...High Rip Current Risk through this evening for NYZ075-080-081- 178-179. NJ...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 8 PM EDT this evening for ANZ331- 332-335-338-340-345. Small Craft Advisory until 8 AM EDT Friday for ANZ350-353-355. && $$ SYNOPSIS...DR/DS NEAR TERM...DR SHORT TERM...DR LONG TERM...DS AVIATION...DS MARINE...DR/DS HYDROLOGY...DR/DS TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...