000
FXUS61 KOKX 111744
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
144 PM EDT Tue Jul 11 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
Weak high pressure will pass east on Wednesday. A series of
frontal boundaries will approach from the west from Thursday
into the weekend.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
Minor update to trend from current obs, with sunny skies and
temps from the mid 70s to lower 80s as of 14Z. Some diurnal Cu
development still expected this afternoon.

Ridging aloft will lead to subsidence as an upper level trough
moves away.

Westerly flow will advect in warmer air. Models indicate around
a 3 degree C increase at H8 between 12Z today and 00Z Wed,
getting to near 17C. MOS guidance several degrees warmer than
previous day. Followed NBM for forecast highs, getting into the
upper 80s to lower 90s for much of the region. Dewpoints mix out
during peak heating hours, making for heat index values near
actual temperatures.

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/...
Subsidence underneath the weak high will make for a mostly
clear night, with winds becoming light. Followed consensus MOS
for lows as they depict a more vast range more representative of
optimal radiational cooling for the forecast region.

For Wednesday, the weak high will slide to the east. There is
forecast to be some mid level ridging. Westerly flow at 850mb
will continue to advect in a warmer airmass. Atmosphere might be
too capped to allow for convective development, so PoP only
slight chance well inland for an isold late day shower or tstm
closer to a frontal boundary sagging into central NY.

Slight chance for showers remains across the interior for
Wednesday night. Heights in the mid levels will start falling
more. Clouds are expected to be more in coverage not just for
the interior but for the entire region late night going into
Thursday morning.

Thursday into Thursday night, more instability and more forcing
in general. A frontal system approaches the area Thursday
night with a pre-frontal trough likely developing Thursday.
Showers and thunderstorms chances increase during the day across
Lower Hudson Valley, NE New Jersey, NYC, and SW Connecticut.
They spread across the remainder of the area at night. The
thunderstorms will be capable of producing locally heavy
downpours. Some thunderstorms could be possibly strong to severe
Thursday afternoon into early Thursday evening with the highest
instability and potentially up to 35-40 kt of bulk 0-6km AGL
bulk shear.

Temperatures trending warmer for Wednesday and Thursday. Highs
forecast getting more into the 90s. Forecast heat indices getting
around 95 for Northeast NJ Wednesday and for mainly NYC, Northeast
NJ and Western Long Island for Thursday.

&&

.LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
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Ensemble means depict a closed upper low situated over eastern Manitoba that slowly works south and east into Ontario though the period. This results in a mean southwest flow aloft, with multiple shortwaves passing through the northeast, with generally unsettled weather, expected into early next week. For Friday, a frontal system approaches the region from the northwest along with a mid level shortwave rounding the base of the upper low. Some uncertainty as to how far south/east the upper low and shortwave will make it, and whether we`ll have enough upper level support for organized afternoon convection. Nonetheless, the air mass in place is moist and marginally unstable and so thunderstorm chances increase by Friday afternoon across the CWA. Model soundings are showing 1500-2000 J/kg of MUCAPE, decent mid level lapse rates, but weak bulk shear of only 20-30 kt. This would suggest some isolated severe thunderstorms are possible especially north and west of NYC on Friday afternoon. CSU-MLP does have a wide swath of 5% across much of the area through 12Z Saturday. In addition, PW of 1.4-1.8" raise the potential of heavy rainfall with any storm. However, steering flow looks to be near 15-20 kt at this point, so any cells should be moving. In addition, 1- and 3- hr FFG is low (1.5-2.5" in three hours) across parts of the Lower Hudson Valley where excessive rainfall occurred this past weekend. Thus, WPC has maintained a marginal risk of excessive rainfall for the area Friday, with the SLGT risk just to the north. The front looks to stall to our east on Saturday into Sunday as another shortwave in the mid levels rotates through the area. A surface low pressure then looks to approach from the southwest on Saturday afternoon into Sunday. Some deterministic model disagreement here as to whether the low stays south of the area or heads directly overhead. NBM (and thus its global ensemble inputs) keeps the bulk of precipitation to the south, so for now have kept slight chance/chance PoPs in, along with a thunder chance for Saturday afternoon into Sunday with the moderately unstable airmass remaining in place. Shower chances lower by Sunday evening and on Monday, which look to be a bit drier with the local between systems. The warmest days of the period look to be Saturday and Sunday, with highs in the upper 80s to near 90. With dewpoints in the low 70s, maximum apparent temperatures/heat indices will be just a few degrees warmer, but short of any head headline criteria at this point.
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&& .AVIATION /18Z TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
-- Changed Discussion --
VFR as weak high pressure builds to the south and west through tonight. A weak cold front begins to approach from the northwest Wednesday afternoon. Winds generally SW 10-15kt, becoming more southerly at KJFK as a sea breeze increases. Winds become light and variable tonight outside of the NYC metro terminals, and SW less than 10kt at the metro terminals. Winds become WSW Wednesday. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Timing of winds becoming more southerly, 180 to 190, at KJFK may be off by 1-2 hours. The sea breeze could make it to KLGA late afternoon/early evening. OUTLOOK FOR 18Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY... Wednesday: VFR. There is a chance of afternoon thunderstorms, mainly at KSWF, possibly reaching KHPN and KTEB. Thursday: Chance of afternoon showers/thunderstorms with MVFR. Thursday night and Friday: Showers/thunderstorms likely with MVFR, IFR possible at times. Friday night: Chance of evening showers/thunderstorms, then MVFR or lower conditions possible. Saturday and Sunday: MVFR or lower possible Saturday morning, otherwise VFR with a chance of showers/thunderstorms with a chance of MVFR. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE... Minimal SCA conditions are possible on the ocean from Thu night into Fri night, with seas up to 5 ft and wind gusts up to 25 kt. && .HYDROLOGY... Basin avg rainfall of 1.0-1.5 inches expected mainly from late Thu night into daytime Fri across the lower Hudson Valley and S CT, with about 3/4 inch for NE NJ, NYC, and Long Island. Local amts of over 2 inches possible inland, especially over S CT. WPC maintains a slight risk of excessive rainfall for areas just north of the CWA during this time frame. Additional rounds of showers/tstms expected this weekend. Basin avg QPF mainly 1/4 to 1/2 inch over most of the area Sat afternoon/eve, and NW of NYC Sunday afternoon/eve. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... There is a moderate risk of rip current development at all the ocean beaches through Wednesday. More SW winds with southerly swells of 2-3 ft will be in place across the ocean beaches during this time period. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...BG/JM NEAR TERM...BG/JM SHORT TERM...JM LONG TERM...DBR AVIATION...MET MARINE...BG/JM/DBR HYDROLOGY...JM/DBR TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...