000
FXUS61 KOKX 131131
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
731 AM EDT Thu Jul 13 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
A warm front develops northwest of the region and moves farther
north today. An associated cold front approaches from the west as
well today and will start to enter the region tonight. Multiple
areas of low pressure develop and move along the front, slowing
it down and eventually stalling it through Friday night.
Unsettled weather is expected much of the time from Saturday
through Thursday as a series of frontal boundaries move across
the area.

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.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
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Added in some patchy fog for eastern sections of the region and made some slight adjustments with hourly temperatures. Otherwise, no other changes made. Forecast mainly on track. The area is in the warm sector today. A developing warm front moves farther north of the region. An associated cold front will be well west of the region but will make its way relatively closer to the area this afternoon. For the Lower Hudson Valley, where there will be more surface based CAPE and less CIN, there will be highest chance of showers and thunderstorms. Farther southeast, less CAPE and relatively more CIN, lesser chances of showers and thunderstorms there. CAMs show afternoon convection initiating and moving in across locations mainly to the north and west of NYC. Model forecast of bulk shear 0-6 km AGL indicates 25-30 kt so combined with the instability, there could be some strong to severe thunderstorms with potential for hail and strong wind gusts. The CAPE from forecast soundings has substantial amount between -10 degree C and -30 degree C. The initiation of convection today will be focused along a pre- frontal trough ahead of the advancing cold front. A more southerly component to the wind as well as a greater wind speed will make for relatively cooler high temperatures but dewpoints will be a few degrees higher compared to the previous day. The forecast highs range from the upper 80s to lower 90s with heat indices in the lower 90s with some mid to upper 90s. Since yesterday featured max heat indices were only in the lower 90s, there will not be two consecutive days of 95 to 99 degree heat indices. Forecast heat indices today are expected to remain below 100. Thus, the forecast region is not meeting local heat advisory criteria.
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&& .SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH SATURDAY/...
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The cold front will begin to enter into the region tonight. Forecast models indicate frontal entrance towards Lower Hudson Valley late in the evening and then slowly moving southeast through overnight into the more coastal sections of the region. There is a wave of low pressure the models are also resolving to form and move along the front. The low pressure wave will slow down the front and will help enhance rainfall. More waves of low pressure develop along the front move northeastward Friday into Friday night. Enhancing lift will be a departing upper level jet streak early Friday with its right rear quadrant near the region. There are model differences with the timing of individual low pressure waves, the cold front and therefore differences with the timing of groups of showers and thunderstorms. The NAM Nest convection depicts a line of showers and thunderstorms moving in late evening to the north and then moving southward into the local region for overnight whereas other CAMs keep the convective line north of the forecast region. With a majority of the CAMs indicating not much of any convection, lowered the POPs for tonight with a south to north gradient to the POPs. The northern half of the forecast region will have a higher chance for showers and thunderstorms compared to the southern half. Again, model bulk shear 0-6 km AGL indicates around 30 kt so combined with the CAPE, again there could be some strong to severe thunderstorms with potential for hail and strong wind gusts, tonight into Friday night. Layer precipitable water increases to near 2 inches late tonight through Friday night. This will be an indication of the airmass becoming very humid to allow for any thunderstorm to produce torrential downpours. The showers and thunderstorms continue at times Friday through Saturday. There will likely be lulls in the activity so it will not rain the entire time. Heavy rain will become primary threat without too much change in CAPE. With nearly parallel flow from lower to upper levels, there will be training of showers and thunderstorms where showers and thunderstorms develop and move across the same area. This will increase the flood threat. Still not nearly high enough confidence to go with any flood watch however. The CAMs have much variety in their reflectivity forecasts so the forecast confidence on the timing of showers and thunderstorms and where the heavy rain will occur is low.
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&& .LONG TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... Stuck fairly close to the NBM through the long term period overnight, with unsettled conditions continuing through much of the time frame. Saturday night and Sunday, yet another upper level shortwave and surface trough/low pressure approach the region and move across the area. Once again, with a rather humid airmass in place, PWATS values over 2.25 inches, heavy rainfall will be possible. WPC continues to keep a large portion of the CWA in the day 4 ERO outlook (Slight Risk). Additional rounds of rainfall continue into the middle of next week, and with antecedent moisture at least a nuisance flood risk will remain. Conditions remain warm and humid through much of next week, with highs in the 80s and lower 90s. && .AVIATION /11Z THURSDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
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A weak frontal boundary will remain north of the terminals today. A cold front then approaches tonight into Friday. Generally VFR and dry for most terminals through 00z. Forecast becomes a bit tricky with placement of any showers and thunderstorms. Latest CAMS keep most of the shower and thunderstorm activity north of the NYC terminals, however there are still a few models showing some thunder at the NYC terminals after 00z. With so much uncertainty will only carry a PROB30 at KSWF where the highest confidence of thunder occurring is expected. The timing of the PROB30 may have to be adjusted by an hour or two. Otherwise, will leave the NYC terminals dry for now, based on low confidence on timing and placement for any storms. light and variable winds this morning become SW-S 12-16 kt, on average, with gusts 18-25kt by midday with additional sea breeze enhancements developing by afternoon. Winds become light once again tonight. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... AMD possible for start time of gusts this afternoon. Low confidence of any shower activity in and around the NYC metro terminals tonight into Friday morning. OUTLOOK FOR 12Z FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY... Friday: Showers/thunderstorms likely with MVFR, IFR possible at times in the afternoon. Friday night: Chance of evening showers/thunderstorms, then MVFR or lower conditions possible. Saturday: MVFR or lower possible in the morning, otherwise VFR with a chance of showers/thunderstorms in the afternoon and evening. Sunday and Monday: Chance of showers/thunderstorms with MVFR or lower. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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Sub-SCA conditions in the marine forecast through Saturday night. Brief 25 kt gusts on ocean western Long Island late this afternoon are forecast, but only occasional. Sunday into the first part of next week, conditions are expected to remain below SCA levels.
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&& .HYDROLOGY...
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Multiple rounds of showers and thunderstorms are expected through Friday night. Moderate to heavy rain will be possible especially tonight through Friday. The Weather Prediction Center has placed the forecast area in a marginal risk for flash flooding today into tonight and a slight risk for flash flooding Friday into Friday night. Smaller streams and fast responding rivers may flood, along with urban and poor drainage areas. Additional rounds of moderate to heavy rain will be possible Saturday and Sunday, and the threat of flash flooding and nuisance and minor flooding of poor drainage areas remains.
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&& .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
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There is a moderate risk of rip current development at all the ocean beaches today through Friday. Southerly winds with southerly swells of 2-3 ft will be in place across the ocean beaches during this time period. If winds trend higher than forecast however, a high risk of rip current development would occur at the ocean beaches.
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&& .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...BC/JM NEAR TERM...JM SHORT TERM...JM LONG TERM...BC AVIATION...BC MARINE...BC/JM HYDROLOGY...BC/JM TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...