000
FXUS61 KOKX 160017
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
817 PM EDT Sat Jul 15 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
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A frontal system approaching from the west tonight will become nearly stationary across the area on Sunday before moving east Sunday night. High pressure will then briefly build across the area on Monday. Unsettled weather is likely to continue through the rest of the week with the potential for a series of frontal boundaries.
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&& .NEAR TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/...
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Flood Watch remains up for the entire forecast area late tonight through Sunday evening. Leftover stratiform rain showers early this evening from stronger convection will be across parts of the area from NYC north/west this evening. Then potential exists for a significant flood event (possibly major) late tonight through the day Sunday as a frontal system works into the area ahead of another shortwave being sent east out of the longwave trough. All the players are there with record PWAT values of 2.25-2.50 inches, moderate-high instability, and a slow-moving or at times stalled out boundary across the area. There remains uncertainty as to where exactly the boundary puts on its brakes, with the CAMs varying in the placement of the heaviest rainfall. Some differ with the highest QPF just NW of the city, to others just east. Placement of this boundary will be crucial to where the axis of heaviest rainfall sets up. In addition, the 12Z NAMNest and SPC HREF mean highest QPF is just NW of the NYC metro from interior NE NJ into the Lower Hudson Valley and SW CT. The 18Z HRRR is more progressive and farther east with the rainfall. Thus, there is no consensus and the model error is such that small changes are likely even as we get within a few hours of the event. Rainfall amounts on average across the area are forecast to be between 1 and 3 inches with localized amounts of 3 to 5 inches possible. However, putting a cap on rainfall amounts, especially in such a environment, may not be prudent. SPC HREF Max QPF was 3 to 5 inches across the area, so this seems like a reasonable start. One late minute note, the 18Z NAMNest is showing some more eastward progression like that seen in some of the other CAMs. This would keep the rainfall more dispersed across the area, which would be a better outcome. This trend will have to be watched through the night and up until the event. Warm, humid conditions continue through the period. Overnight lows will be in the 70s, accompanied by dew points of similar values. Clouds and rainfall on Sunday should result in a cooler day, with highs around 80.
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&& .SHORT TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT/... Lingering convection in the evening is forecast to work east of the area during the early morning hours. The cold front is expected to clear eastern LI/SE CT toward daybreak. Lows are forecast to be a few cooler, ranging from the upper 60s inland, to the lower 70s along the coast. && .LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/... A persistent longwave upper trough will remain in place over eastern North American through the time frame, with a series of shortwave impulses riding through every other day or so this week with chances for showers/tstms. On Mon we will be in between impulses and the day should be very warm and somewhat humid, with highs mostly from the upper 80s to lower 90s, and afternoon dewpoints from the mid 60s NYC north/west to the lower 70s across Long Island and SE CT. The next chance for organized convection arrives as the longwave trough axis swings through, with a marginal risk of excessive rainfall fcst for the Hudson Valley. Slightly cooler high temps (85-90) and slightly higher dewpoints (upper 60s/lower 70s) on Tue should yield similar heat index values to those of Monday. Max heat index values for the two days should be mostly below 95, with the possible exception of the urban corridor of NE NJ and some spots along the north shore of Long Island, with only E Union County meeting local heat advy criteria of two consecutive days of 95+ heat index. Some haze may also be possible Mon night into Tue, per extrapolation of latest HRRR guidance suggesting some smoke from western Canada wildfires crossing the Appalachians during that time. Wed looks like a mostly dry day with shortwave ridging briefly moving across, then the next organized chance of showers/tstms should arrive Thu-Fri as the longwave upper trough becomes re- established. Forecast per NBM currently shows dry conditions for Sat but confidence in this is low especially east of NYC with deterministic global models showing a wave of low pressure moving NNE through the adjacent Atlantic waters. && .AVIATION /00Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... A frontal boundary will remain in the vicinity of the terminals through tomorrow. VFR to scattered MVFR/IFR through the late evening with MVFR cigs already showing across the coastal terminals. Batch of showers with some embedded IC lightning making its way through EWR/TEB/LGA/HPN and weakening. Another line of showers and embedded thunderstorms back to the southwest over southern PA looks to stay west of the terminals over the next few hours. More widespread showers and thunderstorms by late tonight, with heavy rain at times, with MVFR to IFR, and possibly LIFR. Development may be an hour or two earlier than forecast. Showers and thunderstorms continue through Sunday afternoon, with embedded thunder possible through the late afternoon at all terminals. A southerly flow is expected through the forecast period. At or below 10 kt this evening increasing to 10-15kts on Sunday. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Timing of MVFR to possibly IFR stratus moving into KJFK and KLGA this evening is uncertain. High confidence in low end MVFR cigs overnight through early tomorrow, lower confidence in IFR. Uncertainty in end time of SHRA and TSRA on Sunday. There is a chance for TSRA to linger through the end of the TAF period. OUTLOOK FOR 18Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY... Sunday Afternoon: MVFR to IFR in numerous showers with a chance of thunder early afternoon. Monday: Early morning MVFR possible in cigs/vsby, especially east of the NYC terminals, becoming VFR. Tuesday: MVFR or lower in chance of showers and thunderstorms. Wednesday: VFR. Wednesday Night - Thursday: MVFR or lower in chance of showers and thunderstorms. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90 && .MARINE... Ahead of an approaching frontal system, southerly winds will strengthen to around 15 kt on the ocean waters by morning, increasing seas around 5 ft. A SCA has been issued for Sunday and Sunday night between Fire Island Inlet and Montauk Point. Sea up to 5 ft may linger on the ocean waters daytime Mon per NWPS and GFSwave, especially out east. Confidence in this is low as sustained winds in the persistent S flow daytime Sunday peak only briefly between 15-20 kt, and will be lighter out of the SW daytime Mon, so SCA has not been extended into this time frame. && .HYDROLOGY... A Flood Watch is in effect for the entire CWA late tonight and Sunday. There is the potential for a significant to major flood event on Sunday as a frontal boundary works across the area. All of the area except eastern LI is under a Moderate Risk for Excessive Rainfall. The potential is there for scattered to numerous flash floods. On average, widespread rainfall of 1 to 3 inches, with localized amounts of 3 to 5 inches will be possible. A marginal risk of excessive rainfall is forecast for the Hudson Valley for Tuesday, as another passing disturbance helps generate showers/tstms with heavy rainfall. An ongoing risk may continue with successive systems later this week. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... There is a high risk of rip current development at all the ocean beaches Sunday into Monday as southerly swells increase. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...Flood Watch from midnight EDT tonight through Sunday evening for CTZ005>012. NY...Flood Watch from midnight EDT tonight through Sunday evening for NYZ067>075-078>081-176>179. Air Quality Alert until 11 PM EDT this evening for NYZ069>075- 176-178. High Rip Current Risk through Sunday evening for NYZ075-080- 081-178-179. NJ...Flood Watch from midnight EDT tonight through Sunday evening for NJZ002-004-006-103>108. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory from 8 AM Sunday to 6 AM EDT Monday for ANZ350-353.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...BG/DW NEAR TERM...BG/DW SHORT TERM...DW LONG TERM...BG AVIATION...DBR MARINE...BG/DW HYDROLOGY...BG/DW TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...BG