000
FXUS61 KOKX 130251
AFDOKX
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
1051 PM EDT Sat Aug 12 2023
.SYNOPSIS...
A cold front approaches the region tonight, moving in late
tonight into Sunday. The cold front moves east of the region
Sunday night with weak high pressure building in thereafter.
High pressure pushes offshore Monday before another frontal
system impacts the area Monday night and Tuesday. High pressure
returns for Wednesday and Thursday, with a warm front possibly
lifting north Thursday night. A cold front approaches the region
Friday.
&&
.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM SUNDAY MORNING/...
-- Changed Discussion --
Severe Thunderstorm Watch in effect for western 1/2 of the CWA.
Widespread shower/tstm activity across Central and eastern PA
along pre- frontal trough expected to slide E/SE into the watch
area. Shortwave forcing trigger, pre- frontal trough focus,
increasing deep layer shear and steeper mid-level lapse rates
point towards isolated to scattered strong to severe tstm
activity working into areas N&W of NYC this evening. Less
confidence in how well this activity maintains it strength
towards the coastal portions of the watch area late this evening
towards midnight, with waning diurnal instability a limiting
factor. Flash flood threat in path of an W to E training
convection. This is currently favored across the mid- Hudson
valley for the next couple of hours, but could slip south into
Lower Hud and SW CT in vicinity of outflow boundaries later this
evening.
Convection should decrease in intensity after midnight as it
continues east into a stabilizing airmass.
Previous Discussion...
The main focus will be on the potential for strong and/or
severe convection, which looks to be mainly tonight when the
higher bulk shear moves in. There will be another few rounds of
showers and thunderstorms for tonight. CAMs vary with their
respective depictions of reflectivity and cell structures across
the local region so timing could vary. Challenging forecast to
pinpoint specific timing and spatial windows for each round of
convection. Generally expect the showers and thunderstorms to
encompass much of the interior going into early this evening,
getting closer to the coast and NYC by mid to late evening, and
then become more likely across Southern Connecticut and Long
Island overnight.
There will be a pre-frontal trough moving in this evening with
a cold front moving in behind that for overnight. The speed of
the thunderstorms will limit the flood threat but models
indicate high precipitable waters near 2 inches so flooding
will still be possible. Also, still a severe thunderstorm threat
with marginal to slight risk for severe thunderstorms with an
enhanced risk for Western Orange County NY. With higher wind
speeds aloft and increased storm motion, already have an
environment with relatively large shear to allow for
thunderstorms to get organized and deep vertical motion. Models
indicate bulk shear 0-6 km AGL of 35-50 kt. The instability from
CAPE for tonight, generally near 500 to 1000 J/kg, relatively
higher across the coastal regions. Overall, severe threat
highest going into early evening especially across Lower Hudson
Valley, SW CT and Northeast NJ as well as into NYC. Then, severe
threat shifts farther east across the coastal areas across Long
Island and the rest of Southern CT for late evening into
overnight. Main severe threat will be strong wind gusts but
large hail and a brief tornado will be possible especially north
and west of NYC where the probabilities for strong wind gusts,
hail and a brief tornado are relatively higher. The potential
for a brief tornado is seen from an increase in forecast low
level helicity to values near 150 to a little over 200 indicated
by the NAM and RAP models in the BUFKIT data. This is from the
low level veering of winds from S to SW and wind speeds
increasing from surface to low levels as well.
With larger scale operational models with NAM, GFS, ECMWF, and
Canadian, they mostly convey under a quarter of an inch in rain
accumulation by 8PM tonight. All of these models show more rain
between 8PM tonight and 8AM Sunday and spread across mainly the
northern half of the CWA from west to east, total run
accumulation around a half to 0.75 inch of rain. There will
likely be some higher amounts of rain. Have these higher rain
amounts closer to 1 to 1.25 inches of rain across parts of the
interior. There could even be some locally higher amounts up to
near 2 inches of rain.
Lows tonight were from NBM 50th percentile and consensus of raw
data, ranging only from the upper 60s to lower 70s for much of
the forecast region.-- End Changed Discussion --
&&
.SHORT TERM /6 AM SUNDAY MORNING THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/...
Mid levels show a zonal pattern but there will be some slight
ridging during Sunday. At the surface, the cold front Sunday morning
will be within the area, prolonging showers and thunderstorms
especially across Long Island and Southern Connecticut morning into
early afternoon. There will still be bulk shear 0-6km AGL near 35-40
kt, and surface CAPE reaching near near 1000 J/kg from NAM and
GFS forecast model data. Model BUFKIT soundings indicate warmer
temperatures just above 10kft acting as some convective
inhibition. Will keep thunderstorms just chance but if there are
thunderstorms, they could be strong and a very low chance (less
than 5 percent) of severe.
POPs for showers and thunderstorms will decrease substantially mid
to late Sunday afternoon with totally dry conditions expected Sunday
night.
The front shifts east of the region Sunday night, allowing for
surface winds to become more westerly, advecting in drier air.
Instability will considerably decrease and dry conditions should
prevail as weak high pressure builds in.
High temperatures forecast Sunday used a blend of NBM/MET/MAV with a
range from the low to upper 80s. The upper 80s forecast are mostly
across Northeast NJ and NYC Metro Area where there will be less
clouds and less rain. Expecting more radiational cooling Sunday
night, with not much cloud coverage and light winds and
therefore a more vast range for low temperatures, from upper 50s
to lower 70s.
&&
.LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
Weak surface ridging holds on long enough during the daytime on
Monday to keep any showers from moving in from the west as the next
storm system approaches from the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes. Highs
near normal at 80-85.
Another shortwave will approach from the Great Lakes region Monday
night, and move through Tuesday into Tuesday night. A wave of low
pressure will track along a nearly stationary cold front south of
the region Monday night. This will bring a warm front near or into
the region Monday night into Tuesday. Precipitable water values will
be increasing to 2 to nearly 2 1/4 inches Monday night, and with
forcing, instability, and surface CAPE increasing with the front,
convection is expected to develop with periods of moderate to heavy
rainfall possible. The 90% percentile from SPC`s sounding
climatology page is 1.75 inches, so very humid air will move into
there area for this time of year. WPC currently has the region under
a marginal risk for excessive rainfall, so flash flooding is a
possibility, especially if heavy rain moves in during preceding
days. There is uncertainty as to where the warm front will be, and a
track farther to the north could bring the heavier rainfall into the
region.
The frontal system will be progressive as the upper trough weakens
and passes to the east Tuesday night. A mid-level ridge continues to
build into the area Wednesday into Thursday while high pressure
builds in at the surface, keeping the region dry through the period.
Then another shortwave digs into the Great Lakes and upper midwest
Thursday night into Friday before becoming negative during Friday.
At this time there are minimal chance for precipitation Friday.
&&
.AVIATION /03Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
-- Changed Discussion --
A cold front approaches and moves across the region early Sunday.
Mainly VFR, except MVFR or lower possible in showers and
thunderstorms.
Southerly flow around 10 kt will continue to lightening (and
possibly becoming variable) overnight before becoming westerly
on Sunday. An area of showers and thunderstorms west of the
region will move across the region overnight. Will continue with
TEMPO groups til 06z, then just a chance of SHRA afterwards.
There is a chance that thunder may continue past 6z. Some of
these storms may produce locally heavy rainfall and gusty winds,
however, coverage and timing remain low confidence. Conditions
dry out and return to VFR everywhere by 12z Sunday.
...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty...
Low confidence in timing and coverage of shower and thunderstorm
activity tonight. Amendments likely.
OUTLOOK FOR 00Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY...
Sunday: VFR.
Monday through Tuesday: VFR Monday, then a chance of showers and
thunderstorms Monday night and Tuesday with MVFR or lower possible.
Wednesday: VFR.
Thursday: VFR.
Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts,
can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90-- End Changed Discussion --
&&
.MARINE...
The pressure gradient will be relatively weak enough to keep
conditions on the forecast waters below SCA thresholds through
the rest of this weekend and into Monday.
With a persistent southerly flow Monday night into Tuesday,
ahead of a cold front, ocean waters likely build to around 5
feet Tuesday afternoon, then subside Tuesday night as winds
shift to the west due to a cold frontal passage. Marginal seas
possible once again for the central and eastern oceans zone for
Wednesday and Friday morning, subsiding during the afternoons of
both days. Winds should remain below 25 kt on all waters From
Monday onward.
&&
.HYDROLOGY...
Marginal to slight risk of flash flooding, layer precipitable
waters reach up to near 2 inches for tonight.
There will be potential for training of cells from parallel
flow low to upper levels, but mean storm motion judging from
looking at winds between 10 and 20 kft, stay generally in a
25-40 kt range. Individual thunderstorm complexes will be rapid
moving. It just a matter of how deep the convection gets and how
large the structure is that moves across that will be a main
factor to assess for flooding potential.
CAMs late tonight indicate in terms of structure a MCS moving
across with some variance in terms of locations within the
forecast region of where the most intense part of the MCS
occurs. Minor flooding will be likely as the MCS moves across
especially with low lying, poor drainage and urban areas with a
marginal to slight risk for flash flooding.
From Monday night into Tuesday, brief periods of moderate to heavy
rainfall may produce isolated flash flooding. The Weather Prediction
Center has placed the entire area in a marginal risk for flash
flooding. Currently, the more likely scenario is for minor urban and
poor drainage/nuisance flooding.
From Tuesday night through the end of the week no hydrologic impacts
are expected.
&&
.TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
There is a moderate risk for rip currents on ocean beaches Sunday
with wave heights around 3 ft.
There is a low risk for rip currents on NYC and Nassau Co beaches on
Monday with wave heights around 2 ft, and a moderate risk for
Suffolk Co beaches, where wave heights will be around 3 ft.
&&
.OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
CT...None.
NY...None.
NJ...None.
MARINE...None.
&&
$$
SYNOPSIS...JM/JP
NEAR TERM...JM/NV
SHORT TERM...JM
LONG TERM...JP
AVIATION...BC
MARINE...JM/JP
HYDROLOGY...JM/JP
TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...