000
FXUS61 KOKX 131528
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
1128 AM EDT Wed Sep 13 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
A cold front and wave of low pressure along it approach today,
moving through tonight. High pressure then builds in on Thursday,
remaining centered to the west through Friday, before weakening over
the weekend. At the same time, Hurricane Lee is forecast to pass
offshore to our east. A weak frontal system impacts the region
early next week.

Monitor https:/www.weather.gov/okx/tropical or
https:/www.nhc.noaa.gov for the latest NHC forecasts on Hurricane
Lee.

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.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
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Made some adjustments to POPs, temperatures and dewpoints to better match with observed trends. No major changes to the forecast. A closed low upper trough axis swings east through the Great Lakes today. The primary surface low tracks into SE Canada as an attendant cold front and weak surface wave of low pressure approach the local region. Along and ahead of this, showers and thunderstorms will move into the area, continuing intermittently through this evening. First round of showers and thunderstorms has made its way to Southeast CT and the Twin Forks of Long Island late this morning into early afternoon. The second round of showers and thunderstorms will be scattered and developing to area farther west within the forecast region. Probabilities for showers and thunderstorms are relatively higher across the northern half of the forecast region which will be closer to upper level right rear quad of jet, enhancing vertical lift. 12Z Morning OKX sounding showed over 2000 J/kg of MUCAPE, so CAMs may be underestimating the coverage of convection especially with instability increasing more this afternoon. Still have at least chance POPs 18Z this afternoon until 00Z early this evening and then by mid to late evening, expect the convection to linger across Southeast Connecticut and Eastern Long Island. Keeping flood watch the same without any changes at this time. Will monitor convection development early this afternoon and see how far west it develop to determine any potential changes to the flood watch. The primary threat from this system is the potential for heavy rainfall leading to flooding. Layer precipitable waters over 1.5 inches and parallel flow evident from low to upper levels may lead to training of showers and thunderstorms. While typical nuisance flooding of urban and poor drainage areas is likely, areas of flash flooding also cannot be ruled out. The wet antecedent conditions have lowered 1 hr FFG values, with some parts of NE NJ under an inch. Given this, and the elevated potential to exceed this in the abundantly moist environment, maintained the region wide Flood Watch into this evening. See hydro section for additional details. While instability is limited, modest speed and directional shear allowing for increased helicity in the low levels brings at least the potential of a few strong or severe thunderstorms. Isolated damaging wind gusts, and even a weak tornado or two, would be the main hazards. SPC kept a 2% tornado risk outlined for much of the forecast area. Forecast highs with the rain and clouds, will only range from the mid to upper 70s. Surface features should clear east of Long Island after midnight, with the region drying out overnight as temperatures fall into the 50s and 60s.
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&& .SHORT TERM /THURSDAY THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/... Dry conditions return Thursday as a 1022 mb surface high builds into the Great Lakes on Thursday, setting up a NW flow over the local region. This advects a much drier air mass into the region, and dew pts plummet into the lower 50s by the afternoon, a refreshing change from the recent regime. BUFKIT soundings prog 850mb temps around 9 or 10C, and with a well-mixed BL, afternoon temperatures should average near or just a hair below normal in the low to mid 70s. Abundant sunshine prevails. Clear skies persist Thursday night, and temperatures bottom out in the 50s for most. Parts of interior CT and the lower Hudson Valley could fall into the 40s by daybreak, particularly if the flow lightens enough. Largely followed a superblend of guidance for this update. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... For Fri, high clouds in advance of Lee will be on the increase, otherwise temps/dewpoints look similar to those for Thu. Northerly winds between inland high pressure and Lee will also be on the increase to 15G25mph as the pressure gradient increases between inland high pressure and the outer circulation of Lee. Strongest winds associated with Lee should arrive Fri night and continue into Sat, with winds backing NW on Sat as the hurricane passes well east. The hurricane`s wind field will be expanding in size as it moves northward, and winds especially across coastal SE CT and eastern Long Island could become strong, sustained 25-30 mph with gusts up to 40 mph possible. Can`t rule out tropical storm force winds in those areas right near the shoreline in areas with a good NW-N exposure. NBM PoP still clips eastern CT/Long Island on the periphery of Lee, with only light rainfall amounts expected, at most. WAA starts early next week, with slight chance for showers and possibly a thunderstorm Mon/Tue. && .AVIATION /15Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
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A cold front approaches and moves across the terminals this afternoon and evening. Mainly VFR to start with some pockets of MVFR. Line of showers with a few thunderstorms continues to move across southeast CT and eastern Long Island through 16z. Additional showers and thunderstorms may develop into the afternoon with the cold front passage. Have gone with a VCTS as coverage may not be widespread, generally 17-21z NYC terminals and then 18-22z Long Island and Southern Connecticut. VFR is expected to prevail tonight. The flow has begun to shift to the SW behind the initial line of showers/storms. Winds may briefly back towards the S before shifting to the W and NW late this afternoon and evening. Speeds generally around 10 kt or less. Winds may diminish briefly tonight before beginning to increase early Thursday morning. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Timing of any showers/thunderstorms this afternoon may be off by 1-2 hours. The afternoon KJFK haze potential forecast is YELLOW...which implies slant range visibility 4-6SM outside of cloud. OUTLOOK FOR 12Z THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY... Thursday - Friday: VFR. Northerly wind gusts around 15 to 20 kt Thursday night through Friday night. Saturday: Mainly VFR. NW wind gusts around 20 to 25 kt. Sunday: VFR. West winds with gusts 15-20kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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Ocean seas with long period swells continue to build. SCA on the ocean remains through 10Z Fri -- though this will need further extension. Non-ocean waters remain below SCA threshold through Thursday. Ocean seas should continue to build on Thu, reaching 5-8 ft by late day Thu, 8-12 ft Fri morning, and peaking at 9-14 ft Fri evening. Seas will then actually start to slowly decrease Fri night into Sat as strong offshore flow counteracts incoming swell, down to 8-12 ft by daybreak Sat, 6-8 ft Sat evening, then below 5 ft by Sunday afternoon. Sustained N-NW winds or frequent gusts from Lee could peak at tropical storm force (35 to 40 kt) Fri night into Sat, mainly on the eastern ocean waters/sound. Elsewhere, SCA conditions likely from Fri into Sat, with a few gusts up to 35 kt possible Fri night/Sat AM.
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&& .HYDROLOGY...
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Locally heavy downpours are possible in any shower or thunderstorm into this evening. Rainfall rates could reach 1 to 2 inches per hour in heavier downpours. This brings the possibility of flooding,especially in low lying, poor drainage and urban areas. With recent rains, it will not take much more than an inch in one hour to produce flash flooding. A Flood Watch is in effect for the entire region today -- until 6 PM for NE NJ, NYC, the lower Hudson Valley, SW CT, and western Long Island, and until 2 AM for New Haven, Middlesex, and New London counties, as well as Suffolk on Long Island. Thereafter, no hydrological issues are expected through early next week.
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&& .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
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For Southern Suffolk and Southern Nassau, the high surf advisory is now in effect until 8PM Saturday. For Brooklyn and Southern Queens, the high surf advisory is now in effect from 9PM this evening to 8PM Saturday. The high rip current risk for all ocean beaches has been extended through Saturday evening. For Suffolk and Nassau ocean beaches, large breaking waves of 5 to 7 ft will steadily build to 10 to 15 ft in the surf zone by Friday. For Brooklyn and Queens ocean beaches, large breaking waves of 5 to 7 ft tonight will steadily build to 6 to 12 ft in the surf zone by Friday. Beach flooding and erosion increases Thursday through Saturday. Scattered areas of dune erosion and localized overwashes are possible Friday into Saturday. Any changes to these coastal hazards will be based on the current fcst track and intensity of Hurricane Lee. Stay tuned to the latest from the National Hurricane Center regarding the forecast for Lee.
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&& .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...Flood Watch until 6 PM EDT this evening for CTZ005-009. Flood Watch through late tonight for CTZ006>008-010>012. NY...Flood Watch until 6 PM EDT this evening for NYZ067>075-176>179. Flood Watch through late tonight for NYZ078>081. High Risk for Rip Currents through Saturday evening for NYZ075-080- 081-178-179. High Surf Advisory from 9 PM this evening to 8 PM EDT Saturday for NYZ075-178. High Surf Advisory until 8 PM EDT Saturday for NYZ080-081-179. NJ...Flood Watch until 6 PM EDT this evening for NJZ002-004-006- 103>108. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 6 AM EDT Friday for ANZ350-353-355.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...BR/DR NEAR TERM...JM/DR SHORT TERM...DR LONG TERM...BR AVIATION...BR/DS MARINE...BR/DR HYDROLOGY...BR/DR TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...