000
FXUS61 KOKX 280846
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
446 AM EDT Thu Sep 28 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
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High pressure to the north today will give way to an inverted surface trough and weak low moving northward along the coast tonight into Friday. The low will move slowly strengthen and move east Friday Night into Saturday, with high pressure building in its wake and remaining dominant into next week.
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&& .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
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Upper ridging over New England slowly slides east today as a closed upper low over the Great Lakes slowly slides east towards the area. At the surface, an inverted trough off the Mid Atlantic coast gradually extends north this aft/eve as Canadian high pressure slides off New England. Increasingly moist onshore flow under an 850mb subsidence inversion will have stratus working onshore this morning across southern and western portions of the area, and gradually working N/NE thru the aft/eve. Approaching closed low, strengthening llj and theta-e advection will bring increasing chance for light showers across NE NJ/NYC and LI this afternoon, gradually working N through this evening. Timing and N/NE extent of showers is a bit uncertain with subsidence and dry air to contend with. Onshore flow and cloud cover will keep temps several degrees below seasonable today (mid 60s), warmest across SE CT with more in the way of sunshine.
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&& .SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH SATURDAY/...
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Models in good agreement with closed upper low continuing to approach tonight into Friday, gradually sliding across the area Friday Night into Saturday. At the surface, sprawling high pressure remains over New England, although with its center moving offshore. This will allow an inverted trough/surface low sitting off the Mid Atlantic coast to slide towards the region Friday and then gradually sliding southeast of the area Friday Night/Saturday. Good general agreement with increasing deep layered lift from approaching upper low and right front quad of ULJ, combined with a strengthening SE/E LLJ Tonight/Fri, transporting a sub- tropical airmass (+1-1.5 STD PWATS) into the region, converging in the vicinity of an inverted trough/coastal front (with possible deformation zone and orographic enhancement) for a 6-12 hr period across portions of the area late tonight thru Friday. Also can rule out a bit of elevated instability across southern and western portions of the Tri-State with approach of upper low on Friday, increasing deep convection. The signal for an axis of heavy rain in the vicinity of the area is strong, but model spread between ensemble, deterministic and high res model solutions exists in the exact location and duration of this mesoscale convergence zone where heaviest rain will fall. As far as ensembles, prob of 2" rain in 24 hrs (mainly Friday) ranges from High (60-70% GEPS prob for NYC and pts east), High (70-80% ECE prob for eastern portions of the region), to Low (10-20% GEFS prob for eastern portions of the region). NBM has a 30-40% prob of 2"/24 hrs, 15% prob of 3"/24 hr for Friday across NYC/NJ metro, Lower Hud, SW CT and LI. Note: This is a considerable upward trend in 2" probs from single digit probs over the last 24 hrs. As far as high res solution guidance, 00z HREF, which is just now covering the Friday day period has a broad 10% ensemble prob of 3"/3hr across NYC, NJ, and Lower Hud, with a bullseye of 30% ensemble prob of 3"/3hr across NE NJ. This 30% 3"/3hr tends to be an elevated signal for flash flooding potential (w/ typical location uncertainty), if this heavy rain axis ends up over the urban and flashy river basins in this area. Headwater guidance for several of the flashy streams in NE NJ is around 2- 2 1/2" in 6hr for minor, and 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 in 6 hr for moderate flooding, which is a bit concerning if this all comes together across this region (HREF 6 hr PMM is signaling potential for 3-5" in 6hr Fri morning in afternoon west of the Hudson R.). So needless to say, a good signal for a heavy rain axis presenting a urban and poor drainage and flashy river basin flood threat, with a conditional localized to scattered flash flood potential, but low confidence on location. With this location/duration uncertainty, lack of model to model and run to run consistency, and this being the first cycle of HREF resolving this time period, will hold off on flood watch at this time. But if the heavier QPF solutions remain consistent, a Flood Watch will likely be needed for portions of the area, particularly if the heavy rain axis is expected over NYC, NE NJ, Lower Hud, and SW CT. As the closed low moves overhead and low pressure becomes more developed Fri Night into Saturday and gradually slides east, the inverted trough/convergence axis should break down and slide east with a more general deformation rain on the NW side of the low continuing Friday Night into Saturday morning, gradually tapering from w to e. In addition to the rain, NE winds of 15-20g25-30mph likely along the coast Fri AM through Sat AM. A few peak gusts to 35 mph possible. Lighter winds for the interior. High temps will run several degrees below seasonable in rain and onshore flow, and near seasonable for overnight lows.
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&& .LONG TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
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A high amplitude upper level ridge over the Mississippi Valley will translate east during the period. This will result in a dry, unseasonably warm period. A weakening backdoor cold front slips through Sunday night into Monday morning with little if any change in airmass. Surface high pressure builds in from the west through Tuesday and then offshore by mid week. High temperatures during the time will generally be in the 70s, even approaching 80 across the NYC metro and inland areas. The warmest days at this time look to be Tue and Wed with 85h temps around 15C, possibly a bit higher. Lows will generally be 55 to 60. On average, departures look to be about 5 degrees above normal.
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&& .AVIATION /08Z THURSDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
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High pressure remains across eastern Canada and the Northeast through the end of the week. However, an offshore inverted trough works toward the area today and across the area tonight into Friday. MVFR ceilings will develop across the NYC terminals this morning, possibly some of the outlying terminals as well. VFR conditions may prevail through much of the day elsewhere. Even those locations that go MVFR could see occasional VFR ceilings. Ceilings will then lower tonight as showers move in off the Atlantic. The lowest conditions will be across the NYC and Lower Hudson Valley terminals where IFR ceilings are forecast to develop after 06Z with the likelihood of heavy showers. NE winds 10kt or less early this morning will veer a bit after 12Z, increasing to 10-15 kt. The best chance for rain will be tonight, but a few showers are possible in the afternoon, mainly at the coastal terminals. Confidence is too low at this time to mention in the TAFs. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Timing of MVFR onset may be off by a couple of hours. A spotty shower cannot be ruled out this afternoon. OUTLOOK FOR 09Z FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY... Late Thursday night: MVFR or lower in rain showers. Best chance will be across the NYC and Lower Hudson Valley terminals. Friday: IFR and rain. ENE winds G15-25 kt, highest at the coastal terminals. Saturday: MVFR/IFR and rain in the morning, improving to VFR by late. NE winds G15-20kt mainly at the coastal terminals. Sunday and Monday: VFR. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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An extended period of SCA conds is likely for the ocean into early next week. SCA gusts are likely late tonight into Sat AM, with seas elevating to 6 to 8 ft on E/SE wind swells, as well as background SE swells from a developing offshore low and distant tropical systems impact the coastal waters. Marginal SCA gusts possible on the nearshore waters late tonight into Sat AM, but otherwise expected to be below SCA. Winds and seas will gradually subside Saturday aft through Monday as high pressure builds in from the west with diminishing winds and decreasing seas. SCA seas likely remain on the ocean waters during this time, subsiding to around 5 ft by Monday.
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&& .HYDROLOGY...
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Potential is increasing for a widespread 2-3" of rain across the region Tonight into Saturday morning. High-res guidance indicating potential for a localized swath of 3-5"+ in 6 hr Fri AM/PM (10-30% prob of 3"/3hr, with spotty 10-20% prob of 1"/hr), but low confidence on development or location of this type of rainfall axis at this time. Based on this conditional threat, a slight risk of flash flooding has been coordinated with WPC for the region. With recent rains, headwater guidance for several of the flashy streams in NE NJ is around 2-2 1/2" in 6hr for minor flooding, and 2 1/2 to 3 1/2" in 6 hr for moderate flooding, which is a bit concerning if this all comes together across this region. Another consideration is that the period of heaviest rain Fri AM into PM will coincide with two high tidal cycles where minor flood thresholds are expected to be reached. This will limit storm drainage capacity for coastal locations during these times. So, a good signal for a heavy rain axis presenting a urban and poor drainage and flashy river basin flood threat, with a conditional localized to scattered flash flood potential, but low confidence on location. With this location/duration uncertainty, lack of model to model and run to run consistency, and this being the first cycle of HREF resolving this time period, will hold off on flood watch at this time. But if the heavier QPF solutions remain consistent, a Flood Watch will likely be needed for portions of the area, particularly if the heavy rain axis is expected over NYC, NE NJ, Lower Hud, and SW CT.
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&& .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
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An approaching full moon will have rising astronomical tides (as low as 1/4-1/2 ft needed to reach minor thresholds), combined with a persistent and slightly strengthening E-NE flow and E wind wave/swell today into Sat Am will have water levels solidly at minor flood levels (up to 1 1/2 ft inundation) for vulnerable NY/NJ harbor, Jamaica Bay, western Great South Bay, and coastal Westchester/Fairfield communities, with localized minor elsewhere across LI and NYC for tonight, Fri AM, Fri PM and likely the Sat AM high tidal cycles. A bit more uncertainty on how widepsread the minor coastal flooding will be with the Sat PM into Sun high tidal cycles as astronomical tides will peak, but winds will turn more to the N/NE and gradually susbide. Highest confidnce in additional cycles of widepsread minor flooding are for the southern bays of Nassau and Queens due to restricted tidal drainage, with perhpas more localized minro floding elsehwere. In addition, continued beach erosion/escarpment will continue through at least Saturday due to elevated water levels, 4 to 7 ft breaking surf, and a strong E to W long shore current. Dune erosion potential looks to be localized, with overwashes not expected. Although our surf zone forecast season in over, the risk for dangerous rip current will continue into at least early next week based on the wave conditions. NOTE: The Peconic River at Riverhead tidal gauge is out of service (had been reading too high). The gauge is being looked into by our partners at the USGS. NOTE: The Peconic River at Riverhead tidal gauge is out of service (had been reading too high). The gauge is being looked into by our partners at the USGS.
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&& .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...Coastal Flood Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 1 AM EDT Friday for CTZ009. Coastal Flood Advisory from 10 AM to 1 PM EDT Friday for CTZ009. Coastal Flood Advisory from 10 PM Friday to 2 AM EDT Saturday for CTZ009. NY...Coastal Flood Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 1 AM EDT Friday for NYZ071. Coastal Flood Advisory from 10 AM to 1 PM EDT Friday for NYZ071. Coastal Flood Advisory from 10 PM Friday to 2 AM EDT Saturday for NYZ071. Coastal Flood Advisory from 6 PM this evening to midnight EDT tonight for NYZ178-179. Coastal Flood Advisory from 7 AM to 1 PM EDT Friday for NYZ178- 179. Coastal Flood Advisory from 7 PM Friday to 2 AM EDT Saturday for NYZ178-179. NJ...Coastal Flood Advisory from 6 PM to 10 PM EDT this evening for NJZ006-106-108. Coastal Flood Advisory from 7 AM to 11 AM EDT Friday for NJZ006-106-108. Coastal Flood Advisory from 7 PM Friday to midnight EDT Friday night for NJZ006-106-108. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 8 PM EDT Saturday for ANZ350-353- 355.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...NV/DW NEAR TERM...NV SHORT TERM...NV LONG TERM...DW AVIATION...DW MARINE...NV/DW HYDROLOGY...NV/DW TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...NV