000
FXUS61 KOKX 061150
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
750 AM EDT Fri Oct 6 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
High pressure offshore continues to shift east today as a frontal
system approaches from the west. This frontal system will drag a
cold front through the area Saturday into Saturday night while TC
Philippe tracks north, about 250 to 300 nm east of Montauk Point on
Saturday. The post tropical low pressure tracks into Eastern Canada
early next week allowing weak disturbances to move through the area
during the week.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
High pressure is currently offshore well to our north and east
and will continue to head east today. Given the orientation of
the high, a prolonged E-SE onshore flow has allowed for
moistening of the lower levels. Widespread fog is being
observed, with isolated areas reporting dense fog. Given how
isolated the dense fog observations are, have decided to stick
with the SPS for land and not issue a Dense Fog Advisory. Patchy
dense fog is possible through the morning commute.

Strong shortwave energy digs into the Upper Mississippi Valley,
around a southern Ontario closed low and deep eastern Central US
trough, while a broad upper low off the SE US coast gradually lifts
north, influencing TC Philippe to accelerate north towards Bermuda.
At the surface, a frontal system associated with the Ontario Low
pushes into the eastern Great Lakes.

The patchy drizzle has turned more into shower activity this
morning with the approach of lead and southern shortwave energy
aiding lift of the gradually increasing Atlantic and sub-
tropical moisture feed. The heaviest of the shower activity
likely stays to the north and west of the area through the day
today with orographics and in vicinity of weak warm front/pre-
frontal trough. Right now light returns can be seen over
northeast NJ and NYC and also approaching the south fork of Long
Island. Have adjusted PoPs to reflect this in the latest update.

Temperatures will be back to normal today, with highs in the low
70s.

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY/...
As the upper level trough approaches, it will become negatively
tilted late tonight into early Saturday. Overall confidence remains
low due to the amount of interactions between features, but the
thinking remains the same that there will likely be a focus for a 6
hour period of moderate to heavy rainfall late tonight into
Saturday. This will be forced by the negatively tilted trough, and
right rear quad of an upper level jet in a moist airmass with pwats
1.5 - 1.75 inches. These values are well above the 90% moving
average for the OKX 12z 10/7 launch per SPC`s Sounding Climatology
Page.

NBM probabilities for 1 inch of rain over any 6 hr period tonight
continue to be about 5-10%, with the higher values over the Lower
Hudson Valley and southwester CT. The HREF also continues to show a
10% area over the western half of the area for 3 inches in 3 hours
in both the 3 hour periods ending 12z and 15z Saturday. These trends
need to continue to be monitored over the next 12+ hours. Bumped up
totals overall with this update and now have mainly 1.25 - 1.5 for
the Lower Hudson Valley, northeast NJ, NYC and portions of southern
CT.

The aforementioned Ontario low will drag a cold front through the
area late Saturday into Saturday night. Behind the front, showers
taper off and the coldest airmass of the season will filter in.
Gusty northwest winds will peak early Sunday morning with 15-20mph
sustained winds and 25-30mph gusts. Lows Saturday night will be in
the mid 40s to low 50s and highs on Sunday will only reach the upper
50s to low 60s.

Refer to the National Hurricane Center, https:/www.nhc.noaa.gov for
official forecasts on Philippe.

&&

.LONG TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY/...
High amplitude trough in association with strong low pressure over
northern New England Sunday will track into southeastern Canada and
retrograde into southern Ontario, north of the Great Lakes by Monday
night. This upper trough will remain over the Northeast and
upper Mid-West through much of next week, with some
weakening/deamplification as the low becomes vertically stacked
and weakens over Ontario. During this time frame, weak
disturbances in association with the cyclonic flow aloft will
move through the region. Where and when is still somewhat
uncertain at this point, but best timing right now look to be
Monday night through Tuesday night. However, it will not be
raining the entire time, with at most about a 30% chance of
showers during this time frame.

As far as temperature is concerned, a cooler air mass will be
advected into the region for much of the week. Temperatures on
Sunday and Monday will only be in the upper 50s to lower 60s. Some
moderation is expected by Tuesday onward as temperature are forecast
to rise into the lower to upper 60s.

&&

.AVIATION /12Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
-- Changed Discussion --
High pressure centered well east of the area will gradually retreat farther offshore today while a frontal system approaches from the west. Widespread IFR/LIFR conditions through early morning. Occasional VLIFR with vsbys 1/4 mile or less through 14Z. Scattered showers and/or areas of drizzle remain possible through much of the day, becoming increasingly likely into the evening. Conditions expected to improve a bit to MVFR for most places by 15Z and remain steady MVFR through the day. Conditions then expected to drop back down to IFR by 00Z Friday evening. Showers become more likely tonight. Locally moderate to heavy rain is possible into Saturday morning. Thunder is possible toward 12Z Saturday, but not high enough confidence in occurrence and placement to include in the TAFs at this time. ESE-E winds around 10 kt today and into tonight. Wind shift to SW then W expected Saturday toward 18Z. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Timing of improving flight categories could be off by a couple of hours this morning. OUTLOOK FOR 12Z SATURDAY THROUGH TUESDAY... Saturday: MVFR or lower in rain showers. Improving late with a cold frontal passage and NW winds 10-15kt G20-25kt. Sunday: VFR. W winds 15-20kt G25-30kt. Monday: Mainly VFR. Chance of showers late. SW G15-20kt Tuesday...Manly VFR. Chance of showers. S-SW G15-20kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
-- End Changed Discussion --
&& .MARINE... Dense fog continues on all waters this morning. Light winds during this time. Sub SCA winds are expected to continue through Saturday morning, but ocean seas build to 5 ft tonight as swells increase from TC Phillipe. By Saturday night, ocean seas are expected to be 9-10 ft. SCA winds likely behind a strong cold frontal passage late Saturday, continuing into Sunday. SCA conditions look to continue for Sunday and into the first part of Sunday night on all waters, though winds and waves will be diminishing starting late Sunday afternoon. Waves peak on the ocean to 6 to 10 ft, while 4 to 6 ft are expected on the central and eastern sound waters by Sunday afternoon. A strong WSW to W flow is expected, with sustained winds of 20 to 30 kt on all waters, and gusts 30 to 35 kt. Gales are possible on the ocean for Sunday, so will continue to monitor for this possibility. By late Sunday night, only the ocean waters are expected to remain in SCA as wave heights above 5 ft. From Monday through Tuesday, sub SCA conditions are expected on all waters. Refer to the National Hurricane Center, https:/www.nhc.noaa.gov for official forecasts on Philippe. && .HYDROLOGY... A basin wide average of 1 1/4 to 1 1/2" is likely from NYC and points N&W, tapering to 1/4 to 1/2" along the coast from today thru Sat evening. 00z HREF is indicating a 10% probability of 3"/3hr early Saturday morning into Saturday afternoon in vicinity of NYC/NJ metro, which does pose some concerns for isolated flash flooding across NYC/NJ metro and the quick reacting river basins across NE NJ, Lower Hud and SW CT due to saturated soils and streamflows at 75th percentile or greater. Some CAMs also indicating potential for some very localized swaths of 1-2"/hr rainfall rates in this area, which supports a localized flash flood threat from any training downpours/embedded tstms. Higher probability appears to be for minor urban and poor drainage and small river/stream flooding. Given the low confidence in the forecast overall with multiple features interacting, decided to hold off on a Flood Watch. If high res guidance becomes more bullish on coverage/duration of these enhanced rainfall rates aver the next 12 hrs, a watch may be needed. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... Long period SE swells from Phillipe will build to 6 to 8 ft tonight into Sat Night, presenting likelihood of additional beach erosion/escarpment from an east to west sweep of 5 to 9 ft breaking surf. Because water levels are not astronomically high, the dune erosion threat during times of high tide is isolated. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...Dense Fog Advisory until 10 AM EDT this morning for ANZ331-332- 335-338-340-345-350-353-355. Small Craft Advisory from 6 PM this evening to 8 PM EDT Sunday for ANZ350-353-355. && $$ SYNOPSIS...JP/JT NEAR TERM...JT/NV SHORT TERM...JT/NV LONG TERM...JP AVIATION...MW MARINE...JT HYDROLOGY...JT/NV TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...