000
FXUS61 KOKX 202322
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
622 PM EST Mon Nov 20 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
High pressure builds in from the northwest through tonight.
The high moves off the New England coast Tuesday as low
pressure approaches from the southwest. The low moves through
the region Tuesday night into early Wednesday. Low pressure slowly
departs to the east Wednesday night through Thanksgiving. High
pressure then builds in and likely remains in control through at
least the first half of the weekend. A low pressure system may
impact the area Sunday into Monday.

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.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM TUESDAY MORNING/...
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Some locations this evening have dropped temperature very quickly with dewpoints in the teens, light winds and clear skies. However, high clouds can be seen moving in on currently satellite imagery. Kept forecast lows the same for now given the high clouds, but adjusted hourly temps. Ridging aloft and surface high pressure stays in place early tonight before beginning to move offshore early tomorrow. This allows for mid/high level clouds to move in this evening and overnight from the west. Cloud cover will dampen the effects of radiational cooling, but not totally negate its effects since there are no low level clouds expected tonight with light winds. Should still see lows in the low/mid-20s for northern interior zones and the LI Pine Barrens. Lows in the mid-30s for the NYC metro. A Freeze Warning is in effect for overnight and early morning for the Bronx, Staten Island, Hudson County, and Southern Nassau County with temperatures in those locations to be around 32 degrees due to these areas` growing seasons not officially ending until November 22.
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&& .SHORT TERM /6 AM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... Low pressure tracks NE into the eastern Great Lakes Region on Tuesday. Energy then gets transferred to a secondary low, with its center passing through or very close to the forecast area early Wednesday morning. The low will be east of us on Wednesday afternoon with high pressure building in behind it. Rain chances begin west to east late Tuesday afternoon to evening before becoming likely mid/late evening into the night. There is a chance for a brief mix of wet snow and rain at the onset across northern Putnam and Orange counties with no snow accumulation. A low level jet and strong isentropic lift right ahead of the approaching secondary low will provide plenty of lift along with divergence in the upper levels as the left exit region of a jet streak shifts through during the overnight hours. These ingredients will combine for periods of moderate to, at times, potentially heavy rainfall after midnight. The stronger signal for this is generally over the southern and eastern zones. The heaviest rainfall will probably be over by sunrise Wednesday west of CT and LI, with the heavy rainfall potential exiting east of eastern CT and eastern LI by mid-morning. See the hydrology section below for additional information and potential impacts. Another area of low pressure develops off of the Carolina/Virginia coast, which keeps cyclonic flow over the ocean through the period on Wednesday. It is possible some light isolated showers or drizzle could be seen out of this Wednesday afternoon to early evening only for far eastern Long Island and far eastern SE Connecticut. Wednesday afternoon should be dry for everyone else. One other aspect of this storm system will be winds, particularly late Tuesday night/early Wednesday morning ahead of the secondary low passage. 925mb winds for coastal areas during this time are progged at 45-55kt. With a relatively weak low level inversion in place, estimating 60-70% of this can mix down to the surface. Some gusts in the 40-50mph range would therefore be possible. Not enough confidence in a widespread enough event for a wind advisory in any of the forecast zones, but do have far eastern areas in the Long Island Forks reaching gusts of 45 mph. Peak wind gusts for coastal sections are otherwise more likely to fall in the range of 30-40 mph. Winds will quickly weaken as the center of low pressure moves directly overhead Wednesday afternoon, reducing the pressure gradient. Highs Tuesday will be in the mid-40s for northern inland zones, while southern coastal zones on Long Island, NYC, and NE NJ will be in the low-50s. The warmer air here is thanks to increased southerly flow. Wednesday will be notably warmer with highs in the upper-50s to lower-60s for southern zones and in the mid/low-50s for northern zones. Strong warm air advection takes place from strong southerly flow aloft with 850 mb temperatures around 6-8C (which is also 6-8C above average). Less cloud cover and rain will also help things warm up some more. && .LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY/... At the start of Wednesday night, low pressure will be exiting to the east along with any associated rain. The forecast only includes a slight chance of rain for New London County and far eastern Suffolk County. The pressure gradient most of Wednesday night will actually be relatively weak and expecting a lull period for winds. Aloft, a mid-level shortwave trough will be passing to our south and an associated surface low will be deepening as it passes to our south and east early Thursday. This will strengthen the pressure gradient over the area and lead to gusty conditions. The low will gradually depart the area, with high pressure building in thereafter. The high will likely remain in control through at least the first half of the weekend with zonal flow aloft. The 12z global guidance is in decent agreement with high pressure winning out on Saturday. With previous wetter solutions likely impacting the latest NBM PoP output, went lower with PoPs and expect this trend to continue. Sunday through Monday the guidance spread really increases. Stuck close to NBM during this period because of low confidence. There is potential for a low pressure system to impact the area, but strength, timing and location are all in question. && .AVIATION /00Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
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High pressure builds to the north of the area tonight and then off the New England coast Tuesday. Low pressure will approach from the southwest Tuesday afternoon, moving across the area Tuesday night into Wednesday morning. VFR conditions are forecast through Tuesday morning with MVFR conditions developing Tuesday afternoon for NYC and Lower Hudson Valley terminals (21z), and early evening for Long Island and southern Connecticut terminals (22-23z). Light rain will begin to develop late in the afternoon and evening and then become moderate at night. Conditions will continue to deteriorate with IFR likely after 02-03z Wednesday. N-NNE winds under 10 kt overnight. NE winds gradually increase Tuesday morning, becoming E-ESE in the afternoon. Winds will be 10-15 kt with gusts 15-20kt, especially at coastal terminals before sunset. ESE winds will continue to increase Tuesday night, becoming 15-20 kt with gusts 25-35 kt, strongest at coastal terminals. LLWS is possible for NYC and coastal terminals with potential of 45-50 kt winds at 2kft after 03z Wednesday. ...NY Metro(KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... No unscheduled amendments expected tonight into Tuesday morning. Timing of lowering flight categories and rain Tuesday afternoon and evening may be off by 1-3 hours. Start time of wind gusts may be off by 1-2 hours Tuesday afternoon. OUTLOOK FOR 00Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY... Tue night: IFR with rain. SE winds 10-20 kt with Gusts 25 to 35 kt. Winds and gusts strongest near the coast. A few higher gusts possible, especially at KGON. LLWS possible for coastal terminals. Wed: IFR early with lingering rain, especially east. Rain tapers off late morning into afternoon with eventual improvement to VFR late. SW-W winds 10-15 kt with gusts near 20-25 kt AM. NW winds 10-15 kt with gusts 15-20 kt PM. LLWS possible at KGON early. Thu: VFR with NW to W winds 10-15 kt with gusts 20-25kt. Fri-Sat: VFR. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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Sub SCA conditions prevail tonight. With waves on the ocean increasing to about 5 ft early Tuesday morning, decided to issue a Small Craft Advisory ahead of the Gale Watch. Low pressure will then bring increasing winds and seas late in the day into Tuesday night. A Gale Watch is in effect for all waters Tuesday night. A gusty NW flow follows in the storm`s wake on Wednesday with advisory level conditions possible on most waters. There will be a lull period for winds Wednesday night as the pressure gradient briefly decreases with low pressure passing to the east. However, waves will remain elevated. by Thursday morning the pressure gradient increases again and SCA wind gusts return likely to all waters. Thereafter, winds and waves remain below SCA criteria. There is potential for elevated winds and waves Sunday into early next with with a potential low pressure system.
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&& .HYDROLOGY... No hydrologic impacts are expected through Tuesday afternoon. Total rainfall from late Tuesday afternoon through Wednesday morning is expected to range from 1 to 2 inches. The highest amounts are more likely to occur over NE NJ, NYC, and LI. Given these rain amounts with antecedent dry conditions and flash flood guidance, only minor/nuisance flooding is anticipated. The heaviest rainfall is anticipated after midnight Tuesday night with the threat of heavy downpours over for most spots by the start of the Wednesday morning commute. There are no hydrologic concerns Wednesday night through early next week. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... An approaching storm system Tuesday into Tuesday night will produce SE gale force gusts along the coastline, which will produce a storm surge that could potentially raise waters levels 2 to 3 ft. There is some uncertainty with the timing of the max winds/surge and how closely it will coincide with the time of high tide. At this time, this looks to be a widespread minor coastal flood event for the Wednesday morning high tide cycle, with the most vulnerable areas being the south shore back bays of western LI and the coastline of SW Connecticut. In addition, heavy rainfall and wave action along the Connecticut coast could enhance the flood threat. Localized moderate coastal flooding is a possibility, especially across southern Nassau. This is likely to be a one-high tide cycle event, but a lingering SE swell could pose a localized minor coastal flood threat across the south shore back bays of LI Wednesday afternoon/evening. This is only being shown in the PETSS guidance (GEFS)at this time. Westerly winds behind the system will aid in lowering water levels. Along the oceanfront, surf could build as high as 10 ft, resulting in beach flooding and localized dune erosion. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...None. NY...Freeze Warning from midnight tonight to 8 AM EST Tuesday for NYZ073-074-179. NJ...Freeze Warning from midnight tonight to 8 AM EST Tuesday for NJZ006. MARINE...Gale Watch from late Tuesday night through Wednesday afternoon for ANZ331-332-340. Gale Watch from Tuesday evening through Wednesday morning for ANZ335-338-345. Small Craft Advisory from 6 AM to 6 PM EST Tuesday for ANZ350- 353-355. Gale Watch from Tuesday evening through Wednesday afternoon for ANZ350-353. Gale Watch from Tuesday evening through Wednesday morning for ANZ355.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...BR/JT NEAR TERM...BR/JT SHORT TERM...BR LONG TERM...JT AVIATION...DS MARINE...BR/JT HYDROLOGY...BR/JT TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...DW