000
FXUS61 KOKX 052335
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
635 PM EST Tue Dec 5 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
Weak high pressure gives way tonight to a developing low pressure
that develops well to the south of the area on Wednesday. High
pressure noses in from the south on Thursday as a warm front
approaches from the west. The warm front will lift north of the
region Friday into Saturday. A strong frontal system approaches
from the west Sunday with its associated cold front moving
across Sunday night. High pressure returns for early next week.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/...
For this update only tweaked up cloud cover a bit through the
remainder of the evening based on latest satellite trends,
otherwise no meaningful changes with this update. Previous
discussion follows.

Weak mid-level ridging over the area gives way to an incoming
shortwave embedded in a large-scale trough approaching from the west
tonight and into Wednesday. The energy associated with this
shortwave is forcing a weak surface low over the southern Great
Lakes. At this time, this is resulting in very light snowfall over
much of western Pennsylvania. As the moisture associated with this
weak disturbance approaches the area tonight, much of the weak
precipitation is expected to dissipate as it runs into drier air
over the area. That being said, left a slight chance of snow
showers, possibly mixed with rain showers for coastal areas, for
much of the area tonight. Otherwise, overcast skies are anticipated
and lows tonight will be in the middle to upper 20s for outlying
areas with low temperatures in the low to middle 30s for the NYC
metro.

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH WEDNESDAY NIGHT/...
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As the shortwave energy approaches the East Coast on Wednesday, cyclogenesis occurs off of the Carolina coast. The area will remain well to the north of the low and the most likely sensible weather from the deepening of the low will be an increase in winds into the afternoon and evening on Wednesday. As the energy from the weak surface wave over the Ohio Valley transfers to the developing coastal low, low level moisture may increase a bit. Increased moisture combined with cooler temperatures aloft due to the placement under an upper level trough, may result in the development of some instability showers during the day on Wednesday, though much of these should be confined to the eastern portion of the area. High temperatures on Wednesday will only be in the upper 30s to near 40 for much of the area so any of these showers that develop will have a chance of being snow showers. The earlier in the day they develop, the high the chance at seeing snow, but even if surface temperatures are above freezing into Wednesday, cool temperatures aloft may support the occurrence of at least a mix with snow in any shower that develops. Any showers end Wednesday afternoon and into Wednesday night with skies clearing in the wake of the departing low. A brisk NW wind advects in cold air such that low temperatures Wednesday night into Thursday morning will be in the 20s for much of the area. Some outlying spots may drop into the upper teens.
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&& .LONG TERM /THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
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Stayed fairly close to the NBM throughout the period. A quasi- zonal flow to begin the period on Thursday becomes increasingly amplified into the weekend. A trough over the Northern Rockies will amplify as it progresses east. This will be the system that impacts our sensible weather late in the weekend. Afterwards, high pressure should return into next week. A warm front will reside just west of the area and nearby into Thursday. This will bring more in the way of clouds into the area, especially further west. A cP air mass will stick around through Thursday which should keep the area dry despite more in the way of clouds. Temperatures will average a good 5 degrees or so below normal before the air mass begins to push off the coast Thursday night. On Friday the warm front is expected to progress east and lift north of the area. This will lead to an increasing southerly component to the wind direction. An eventual SW flow will get temperatures a few degrees above normal by Friday afternoon with a fair amount of sun. Towards Saturday the warm front should get well north of the area, and thus a mild south to southwest flow will prevail. Warm advection should promote temperatures at 850 mb to get to around 8 to 10 C. Therefore temperatures should get into the middle 50s, a good 10 degrees above normal to begin the weekend. It is possible that temperatures could get even warmer than currently progged, but NBM members were not straying far from the mean, thus did not get more aggressive with daytime maxes on Saturday but could easily see it get another 3 degrees or so warmer than currently progged. The trough then swings into the east for Sunday and Sunday night. There is some spread among the ensembles with the timing, but confidence remains high for a strong frontal system to work through later in the day Sunday into early Monday AM. Other than a few showers Sunday morning, most of the morning may remain dry. For Sunday afternoon look for rain to develop from W-SW to E-NE as a good conveyor belt of moisture begins to work up along the coastal plain. Despite cloud cover and rain look for temperatures to top out close to 60. The steadiest rain based on the latest consensus guidance looks to take place Sunday night, with much of the rain falling the first half of Sunday night. Standardized anomalies for mean IVT from the ECMWF and the NAEFS run at +3 to +4, with PWATs standardized anomalies at around +3. NBM probabilities of greater than 2 inches of rain get to around 30 percent for NW portions of the area, and probabilities of greater than 1 inch get to around 70 percent for NW sections. Therefore rainfall amounts of 1 to 1.5 inches has a good chance for late Sunday / early Mon AM. Winds should get rather gusty late in the day Sunday through Monday morning. Winds out of the south with gusts of around 40 to 45 mph are possible, with the strongest winds likely Sunday evening / night. The cold front should clear the area towards daybreak on Monday with the winds switching to the W. The pressure gradient should weaken gradually during the day Monday. Look for Monday to dry out with blustery and cooler conditions. Seasonable temperatures and dry conditions will be in place for the remainder of the period.
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&& .AVIATION /00Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
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High pressure remains in control. Meanwhile, a deepening offshore low will pass to the south and east during Wednesday. VFR. A slight chance of a flurry or light snow shower mainly east of the city terminals late tonight through Wednesday morning, with the best chances at KGON where a PROB30 was included in the forecast, with a slight chance of MVFR if snow showers/flurries occur. Light northerly winds at the metro terminals, with winds light and variable at the outlying terminals. Winds at the metro terminals may become light and variable late this evening into the overnight. Winds at the metro terminals and east will increase from the north around 09Z, and into Wednesday morning. NNW gusts around 20kt develop during the afternoon. ...NY Metro(KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... No unscheduled amendments expected. OUTLOOK FOR 00Z THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY... Wednesday night: VFR. NNW gusts near 20kt, mainly at coastal terminals. Thursday-Saturday: VFR. Sunday: Mainly VFR in the morning with chc S gusts 20-25kt. Rain/MVFR/IFR/LLWS mainly in the afternoon and night with a chance of S-SW gusts 30-40kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE... Sub-SCA conditions are expected on all waters through Wednesday morning. By Wednesday afternoon, winds increase to marginal SCA criteria with gusts to 25 kt on the ocean zones as the pressure gradient tightens over the area with the development of a coastal low well to the south. SCA gusts on the ocean zones likely continues into the first half of Wednesday night before falling below 25 kt by Thursday morning. Sub-SCA conditions are expected Thursday through Saturday night with ocean seas averaging close to 3 ft. Winds and seas should ramp up quickly during Sunday with small craft conditions quickly going to Gales in all likelihood by later in the day. Solid gales are expected across all waters Sunday night, with gales likely lingering into Monday morning for the eastern waters. && .HYDROLOGY... An inch to an inch and a half of rain is possible Sunday and Sunday night. At this time only minor and localized hydrologic impacts appear possible, though confidence remains low this far out. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory from 1 PM Wednesday to 4 AM EST Thursday for ANZ350-353-355. && $$ SYNOPSIS...JE/MW NEAR TERM...JE/MW SHORT TERM...MW LONG TERM...JE AVIATION...MET MARINE...JE/MW HYDROLOGY...JE/MW