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FXUS61 KOKX 231742
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
1242 PM EST Sat Dec 23 2023

.SYNOPSIS...
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High pressure centered east of New England will continue moving east and out to sea this afternoon. A weakening warm front will approach tonight and dissipate over the region on Sunday. High pressure will reestablish itself on Christmas Day, then move offshore on Tuesday. The next frontal system and associated low pressure system will affect the region on Wednesday before slowly shifting away from Thursday into Friday.
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&& .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
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Earlier band of graupel/rain dissipated over/near NYC between 10-11 AM. Overcast skies meanwhile have spread to all but the forks of Long Island and SE CT, and even there bkn stratocu have moved in from offshore, so the overall trend is for a cloudy afternoon. High temps adjusted somewhat based on latest bias-adjusted GFS LAMP numbers, which range from the upper 30s inland NW of NYC, to the mid 40s across parts of NYC, Long Island, and SE CT.
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&& .SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT/... Weak shortwave approaches from the northwest tonight and then slowly cuts off and sinks SE through the region Sunday and to the southeast Monday. At the surface, high pressure slides farther offshore with a weak warm frontal/surface wave approaching from the west tonight, and gradually dissipating over the region on Sunday. Models have been in general agreement with sufficient moisture/theta-e advection ahead of the surface wave and lift by approaching shortwave/jet streak to overspread light precip over western portions of the region after midnight tonight and then likely the entire region on Sunday as the closed low sinks southeast. Thermal profiles look marginally cold enough for a period of light snow/sleet or mix with rain for areas well NW of NYC (Orange/W Passaic/Putnam/N Fairfield) late tonight into Sunday morning. Based on forecast sounding analysis, there appears to be enough saturation in snow growth area for snow development aloft, but as typical the magnitude of low-level warm nose and precip intensity (diabatic cooling processes) will determine mixing with or changeover to sleet or ra. Reality is likely between NAM with aggressive warm nose, and weaker warm nose GFS. NBM POWT for wintry precip are quite low for this area tonight into Sunday, with less than 20% prob of snow for W Orange and less than 10% for rest of NW interior, and 0% prob for sleet or fzra. Rain probs are 70%+, basically indicating mainly rain, perhaps mixed with some sleet/snow, and a localized fzra threat where air/ground temps are at freezing. SPC HREF p-type likewise indicating rain as primary p-type, with DESI HREF sounding analysis indicating a noticeable warm nose. Overall, low prob for a light coating of snow across Western Orange County (west of the Hudson Highlands) late tonight into early Sunday morning. If rain is the predominant p-type, surface/ground temps would be primary determinant for fzra potential. Air and ground temps are expected to rise above freezing during the day, and with thickening cloud cover tonight, most areas should have air and ground temps remain just above freezing. There is a low threat that western portions of Orange county (west of the Hudson Highlands) could be cold enough air/ground temps for spotty icing. So overall low confidence and coverage in wintry precip (particularly fzra), so no winter headlines at this time, but if traveling late tonight into Sunday morning across NW interior (particularly W Orange County), monitor for a potential short fuse SPS or winter wx advisory for fzra if precip is heavier than forecast and/or surface temps do cool more than expected. Temps should safely warm above freezing for NW interior by mid morning for plain rain showers areawide. For the coastal plain, thermal profiles will only be conducive for rain, spreading SE into NYC/NJ metro late tonight into early Sunday morning and possibly into ern Long Island and SE CT by early afternoon. Lingering stratus likely, with isolated light rain showers and patchy drizzle possible Sunday Night into early Monday morning with weak onshore flow and shortwave sliding overhead. Continued weak waa will keep thermal profiles warm enough for just plain rain Sunday Night/Mon AM. Gradual drying likely Monday afternoon, but stratus will likely be stubborn. && .LONG TERM /TUESDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/... There has been little change to the forecast thinking for the middle to late next week time frame. The NBM was largely used for this update. *Key Points* * Low pressure and its associated frontal system impact the region Tuesday night through Wednesday night. The system slowly pulls away from the area Thursday into Friday. Despite there being a large amount of uncertainty on the evolution of the system, the probability of a significant event is very low. * Rain is likely at some point late Tuesday night through Wednesday night, but timing, duration, and amounts remain uncertain. * Temperatures start out above normal, but should trend closer to normal by the end of the week. Complex weather pattern is expected to evolve Tuesday through the end of next week. Ridging will gradually shift over the western Atlantic on Tuesday ahead of closed upper low over the central states. The upper low slowly moves towards the Great lakes on Wednesday. The models are struggling with a complex interaction of several pieces of energy diving southward out of central Canada. The closed low should overall slowly track eastward through the end of next week. The model spread remains high with the details with the intensity of the closed low. At the surface, primary low pressure over the central states Tuesday will track towards the Great Lakes on Wednesday. The associated frontal system will approach the area Tuesday night and move across the region Wednesday into Wednesday night. The guidance continues to waiver on whether or not a secondary low will form along the front over the Middle Atlantic/northeast. There are some subtle trends over the last 24 hours for a more progressive front and weaker secondary formation. The parent low may end up being dominant and actually slowly deepen as it moves towards New England Thursday and then southeast Canada on Friday. Confidence is highest that any precipitation will be in the form of rain due to the mild air mass ahead of the system. NBM probabilities of 1 inch of rain in a 12 hour period have actually decreased somewhat over the last 24 hours, generally below 10 percent. NBM probabilities of 0.50 inches of rain in a 12 hour period generally range from 20-30 percent. These probabilities hint that rainfall may not be significant and this could be tied to the general consensus of a progressive weaker surface system. These details could change in the coming days as models begin to resolve some of the complex upper level features. It bears watching due to the recent rainfall events, higher streamflows and soil moisture. NBM keeps a chance PoP through the end of the week. This is due to differing evolutions within the ensembles with the upper low as it moves over the northeast. It should remain mostly cloudy, but precipitation chances hinge on any enhanced lift under the upper low which is difficult to resolve at this time range. && .AVIATION /18Z SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
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High pres gradually drifts E over the Atlc thru Sun. Mainly VFR thru the TAF period. A few pockets of light rain possible late tngt, but most of the activity is expected to remain N of the region. Mix with snow possible at SWF if the pcpn occurs. Chance of occurrence is about 30 percent, so continued the prob30. There could also be some marine stratus and br from the ocean tngt. Again the probability is low and this potential has been rolled into the prob30. In the absence of any marine stratus on Sun, VFR can be expected. Winds light and vrb thru the TAF period. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Potential for the area to remain VFR thru the TAF period. If marine stratus develops overnight, MVFR may linger thru 18Z Sun. OUTLOOK FOR 18Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY... Sun: Mainly VFR. Chance of MVFR if marine layer develops. Christmas Day: VFR. Tue: Becoming MVFR aft 00Z Wed. Chance of rain aft 06Z. Wed-Thu: MVFR or lower with rain. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE... Sub-SCA through Tuesday night with a weak pressure gradient in place. The next chance for SCA conditions occurs Wednesday into Wednesday night with a frontal system. The highest chance for SCA winds exists on the ocean. && .HYDROLOGY... River flood warnings are still in effect along the CT River (handled by WFO BOX) and parts of the Passaic River basin (handled by WFO PHI). Otherwise, no hydrologic impacts are expected through Tuesday. Rain is likely Tue night and Wed. Predictability remains low on amounts and any hydrologic impacts. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...BG/DS/NV NEAR TERM...BG/NV SHORT TERM...NV LONG TERM...DS AVIATION...JMC MARINE...BG/DS/NV HYDROLOGY...DS/NV