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FXUS61 KOKX 062115
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
415 PM EST Sat Jan 6 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
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Low pressure will pass south of Long Island tonight, and east of the region on Sunday. High pressure moves east of the area on Monday. Low pressure strengthens and passes west of the region Tuesday into Wednesday. The low will then move northeast and weaken Wednesday into Thursday. Weak high pressure then returns thereafter through Friday.
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&& .NEAR TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/...
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Models remain in agreement that low pressure passes to our south tonight and just NW of the 40N/70W benchmark Sunday morning. Bulk of the precip will occur through tonight, but PVA aloft interacting with a surface trough on the backside of the storm brings additional, but lighter precip during the day Sunday. Still looks like an all-snow event for a good portion of the northernmost zones, but not out of the question that as the mid- levels dry out late tonight a brief period light freezing rain occurs. A warm nose near 850mb tonight introduces a wintry mix farther south to the coast. Then between the warm nose and sufficient boundary layer warmth on an easterly wind off the waters, mainly rain for LI and NYC metro. The current forecast has increased snow totals slightly - mainly away from the immediate coast. Have upgraded Northern New London and Northern Middlesex Counties to a Winter Storm Warning, with a Winter Weather Advisory for the southern halves of both counties. The rest of the headlines remain unchanged. Winds ramp up tonight with gusts mostly 30-40mph for the coastal areas. Still looks as if we`ll fall short of advisory criteria, but there may be a stray gust or two that gets over 45 mph across parts of eastern Long Island during the overnight hours. Flooding does not appear to be a factor with this system. For the locations where precip is expected to be primarily rain, flash flood guidance combined with expected rainfall amounts and the progressive nature of the storm should preclude flash flooding/river flooding. Across parts of NE NJ, it won`t take as much for a chance of flooding, but at the same time, some of this will be falling in the form of snow. Stuck fairly close to the previous forecast regarding temperatures through the event, which is a little cooler than NBM.
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&& .SHORT TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT/...
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Clearing skies due to subsidence and a dry airmass building in. Gusty NW flow as the low pulls away, especially LI surrounded by the warm water. Across the interior, fresh snowpack could allow for decoupling and possibly temps below the NBM fcst.
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&& .LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
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*Key points* * A potentially significant storm system will impact the region Tuesday into Wednesday. * A period of heavy rain, and river and coastal flooding are all possible with this system. * Strong winds with the potential for gusts of 45 to 60 mph, highest along the coast, Tuesday night into early Wednesday, are also possible. Model guidance/ensembles continue to show above-average consistency in the extended advertising a potent low pressure system to impact the area midweek. Weak upper ridging on Monday gives way to a strengthening trough and jet diving south out of the Northern Plains on Tuesday. This feature heads into the Great Lakes on Wednesday, and into New England by Thursday. This places the local area on the eastern side of the system, in the vicinity of the left front quad of the upper jet Tuesday night into early Wednesday. At the surface, deepening low pressure Tuesday afternoon induces a fetch with a connection to the Gulf. Moisture advection commences as a result into the area, with PWATs nearing 1.25" by Tuesday evening. This would be close to, or just over, the max PWAT values for OKX per the SPC sounding climatology. As the surface low heads northeast into Great Lakes Region by late Tuesday, precipitation will begin to overspread the area ahead of a warm front. Given the area resides on the eastern side of the system, am expecting an all rain event. The one exception may be at the onset across the Lower Hudson Valley, where residual cold air may allow for some light snow before quickly changing over. Rain becomes steadier, and heavier, into the Tuesday overnight as the cold front approaches before finally waning early on Wednesday. Given the moisture fetch, enhanced forcing from the upper jet and frontal approach, the ingredients are in place for a period of heavy rainfall. NBM continues to advertise a widespread 2- 3" event, with highest amounts across northern NJ and the lower Hudson Valley, where WPC maintains the moderate risk of excessive presentation. See the hydrology section for additional details. Then there are the winds associated with the LLJ as the system approaches. Model soundings continue to show a period of 65-70 kts at 950mb with a weakly inverted to mostly neutral PBL as the LLJ approaches after 00Z Wednesday. Have shaved some off of the NBM wind values given its performance of overpredicting for the past few high wind events. This yields a widespread 30-40 mph sustained with 45- 60mph gusts, with highest values across the coast. Weak ridging builds in thereafter for Thursday and Friday.
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&& .AVIATION /21Z SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
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Low pressure approaches from the south, passing east of Long Island tonight into Sunday. MVFR cigs/vsbys late today decline to IFR by early evening, then IFR or lower overnight into Sunday AM. Gradual improvement to MVFR through Sunday afternoon. Precipitation is gradually beginning to fall late this afternoon at city terminals, and will spread east through the remainder of the day, initially falling as snow, before mixing with and changing to rain along the coast this evening. Inland terminals remain snow into tonight, perhaps mixing or changing to rain at KHPN overnight. A lull in precipitation is expected overnight before a mix of rain and snow showers redevelops Sunday morning along the coast, with additional snow showers inland. E-ENE winds 10-15 kt increase to around 20 kt along the coast tonight with gusts 25-30 kt here into early Sun AM. Flow lightens after 12Z Sun, close to 10 kt, as direction backs northerly, then NW. NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Amendments likely through the TAF period with timing of category changes and precipitation onset/ending. OUTLOOK FOR 18Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY... Sunday PM: MVFR with lingering RA/SN showers. Becoming VFR at night. N/NW winds around 10 kt. Monday: VFR. Tuesday: VFR early becoming MVFR or lower. Rain during the afternoon. E winds 15-20kt with gusts 25-30kt in the afternoon. SE winds increasing Tuesday night to 25-35kt, gusting 40-45kt, highest winds along the coast. LLWS likely at night. Wednesday: MVFR or lower with rain in the morning. Rain ending late in the day with conditions improving. S-SW wind 20-25kt gusting 35- 45kt. Gusts decrease afternoon into the night. Thursday: VFR. WSW winds 10-15kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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Gales develop tonight on all waters with low pressure approaching, then passing through or just south of the ocean waters late tonight into Sunday morning. No changes with this update regarding the end time of the gale warnings. SCA will likely be needed for the western waters after the warning expiration Sunday morning. Same for the eastern waters Sunday afternoon. Sub-advisory conditions for the non ocean waters starting Sunday afternoon into evening. Ocean seas will remain elevated, so advisory conditions prevail Sunday afternoon and night. Lingering 5 to 6 ft waves are expected on the ocean waters on Monday. Otherwise, quiet conditions on the waters expected until late Tuesday. Strong low pressure will then track to the west and impact the area through Wednesday. Gale force wind gusts look likely on all waters, as well as the potential for storm force gusts for a period early Wednesday. In addition, waves on the ocean waters may reach 15 to 20 ft. Continued mention of gales and storm force gusts in the HWO.
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&& .HYDROLOGY...
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No hydrologic impacts are expected through Monday. Thereafter, significant hydrologic impacts are likely. A period of heavy rainfall Tuesday night into Wednesday will likely result in flooding across the region. Any total runoff would be enhanced inland with melted snowfall, especially across the interior. The Weather Prediction Center has a segment of the area in a moderate risk for excessive rainfall within parts of Northeast NJ and expanded the risk further into the Lower Hudson Valley. The rest of the forecast region in a slight risk for excessive rainfall. River levels across northeastern NJ and the Lower Hudson Valley, where the heaviest rainfall is expected to fall, are expected to rise.
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&& .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
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E/NE gales tonight into Sunday morning will produce a surge of about 2 to 3 ft, resulting in widespread minor coastal flooding during the morning high tide cycle Sunday. Localized moderate is a possibility across the south shore back bays of Nassau and southwest Suffolk counties. Isolated dune erosion expected during the Sunday morning high tide, overwashes not expected. There is the chance for a significant coastal flood event with the Wed AM high tide. Potential for SE gale to storm force winds Tuesday Night, bringing potential for widespread moderate to locally major coastal flooding. Early guidance from Steven`s NYHOPS ensemble is producing surge values of 3 to 4 ft. This will also coincide with increasing astronomical tides with a new moon on Jan 11. Along the oceanfront, potential for 15-20 ft surf causing widespread dune erosion and scattered overwashes. Localized dune inundation/breaches possible where dunes have been compromised by earlier storm events. More details on this event early next week.
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&& .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...Winter Storm Warning until 6 PM EST Sunday for CTZ005-006. Winter Storm Warning until 6 PM EST Sunday for CTZ007-008. Winter Weather Advisory until 11 AM EST Sunday for CTZ009. Coastal Flood Advisory from 4 AM to 10 AM EST Sunday for CTZ009>012. Winter Weather Advisory until 6 PM EST Sunday for CTZ010>012. NY...Winter Storm Warning until 6 PM EST Sunday for NYZ067>070. Winter Weather Advisory until 11 AM EST Sunday for NYZ071. Coastal Flood Advisory from 4 AM to 10 AM EST Sunday for NYZ071-078-177. Coastal Flood Advisory from 2 AM to 11 AM EST Sunday for NYZ079-081. Coastal Flood Advisory from 1 AM to 10 AM EST Sunday for NYZ080-179. NJ...Winter Storm Warning until 6 PM EST Sunday for NJZ002-103. Winter Weather Advisory until 11 AM EST Sunday for NJZ004-104- 105-107. MARINE...Gale Warning until noon EST Sunday for ANZ331-332-340-345-350- 353. Gale Warning until 5 AM EST Sunday for ANZ335-338-355.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...JC/DBR NEAR TERM...JC SHORT TERM...JC LONG TERM...DBR AVIATION...DR MARINE...JC/DBR HYDROLOGY...JC/DBR TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...DW