000
FXUS61 KOKX 122356
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
656 PM EST Fri Jan 12 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
Another deepening low will pass across the eastern Great Lakes
tonight into Saturday, sending a strong frontal system through
the area during this time. An arctic frontal passage occurs on
Sunday. Low pressure may produce some snow by the middle of
next week.

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.NEAR TERM /THROUGH SATURDAY/...
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The fcst is on track. As deepening low pressure tracks across the Great Lakes tonight into Saturday, it will send a strong frontal system across the the area. A strong LLJ (70-080kt) works up the eastern seaboard tonight sending the warm front northward, preceded by strong thermal forcing and some elevated instability. Rain will overspread the area from SW to NE, from late this evening into the early morning hours Saturday. While this will be a fast moving system with much of the rain exiting far eastern LI/SE CT shortly after daybreak, it will bring a 6hr period of moderate to occasionally heavy rain. Due to the recent stretch of rainfall events starting back in mid December, streamflows remain high and grounds are saturated. FFG values are extremely low across NE NJ (under an inch), and while higher elsewhere, it will not take long for faster responding river and streams to reach or exceed bank full. Thus, a Flood Watch remains up across NE NJ, portions of the Lower Hudson Valley (Rockland and Westchester), and all of southern CT. In addition, a strong SE flow will enhance rainfall across this area due to upslope flow. The watch area can expect 1.5 to 2.5 inches with localized amounts up to around 3 inches. Elsewhere, generally looking for around an inch. An isolated thunderstorm is also a possibility during this time with rainfall rates possibly encroaching an inch an hour. PWATs are anomalously high at 1.15 to 1.30". A Wind Advisory remains up for LI, NYC/NJ metro, southern Westchester, and coastal/interior SE CT. Winds are not quite as strong in the mixed layer as the past event. The LLJ moves into the area after midnight and will also strengthen the low-level inversion and inhibit higher winds from getting to the surface. The one caveat here could be thunderstorms, but low-levels will be stabilizing, likely limiting the wind energy getting to the surface. Expecting wind gusts along the coast up to 50 mph, with inland areas 35 to 45 mph. An few higher gusts are possible. The period of strongest winds will coincide with the heaviest rain. Temperatures will drop initially to their lows early this evening, but then steadily rise overnight. By morning, most of the area will be into the 50s. The associated cold front moves through in the morning, ending the heavy rain threat with perhaps a few lingering showers. Winds will veer around to the WSW with perhaps a brief lull in the morning before cold advection and deep mixing produces gusts up to 40 mph during the late morning and afternoon hours. Highs will in the 50s will occur in the morning, then steadily fall into the upper 30s and lower 40s by early evening. Expect clearing during this time, however, with cyclonic flow and the upper trough working into the region, intervals of clouds and sprinkles will be possible in the afternoon, especially north and west of NYC.
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&& .SHORT TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT/... Gusty west winds will be slow to come down Saturday night. Lows will return closer to seasonable levels in the upper 20s to lower 30s. A few flurries are possible well north and west. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/...
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The modeling is in pretty good agreement that an arctic front passes on Sun. This will set up a colder regime for the area thru the rest of the fcst period. With the front itself, although it is fairly moisture starved, there will be strong dpva with the shrtwv and adiabatic llvl lapse rates. As a result, went abv the NBM model guidance and included sct shwrs. Initially for most of the area, perhaps a few drops of rain, then the cold air comes in and most of the shwrs should be in the form of snow. The snow squall parameter is non-zero. Otherwise, windy for the rest of Sun and Sun ngt. Time heights suggest gusts around 30kt during the day, then lessening overnight. Went with the NBM for temps with local adjustments. Wind chills Sun ngt in the single digits and teens. High pres ridges across the area on Mon. Dry wx with temps in the 20s and low 30s per the NBM guidance. The models have been suggesting that the trof over the ern portion of the country will allow low pres to develop over the Atlc and potentially produce snow locally. The 12Z runs continue to support this. It is too far out to hang your hat on any one soln, but likely pops for snow on Tue per the blended approach were accepted and used in the fcst. Based on the 12Z deterministic ECMWF and GFS, did keep things all snow over land, and went with the colder NBM50 for Tue which was close to the MEX. There remains the possibility that if a low does track close enough to the coast, mixing or a changeover could occur in some areas. The fcst tapers pops off on Wed, but the overall timing of the sys could slow and be Tue ngt into Wed. The GFS suggests this possibility, but it doesn`t look like the NBM probs have caught up yet. High pres and dry on Thu, then another low may take shape for Fri. The EPS had a much stronger signal than the GEFS. NBM pops were about 30 to 40 percent, and went with that.
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&& .AVIATION /00Z SATURDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
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Low pressure approaches from the west, impacting the terminals tonight into Saturday. VFR early this evening, MVFR cigs quickly develop around 03Z Saturday as rain moves in. IFR or lower tonight into Saturday morning. PROB30 remains for thunderstorms late tonight. SE flow around 10 kt increases toward 03Z Sat 20-25 kt with gusts over 30 kt. Gusts may be as high as 45 kt for a period 05Z to 10Z, especially along the coast. LLWS develops around 05Z through 12Z with 2kft winds up to 65 kt. Winds become SW Saturday morning. Winds lighten under 20 kt for a period Sat AM, increasing again late morning into the afternoon, gusts to mainly 30-35 kt, with potential for an isolated 40 kt gust. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Amendments likely tonight into Saturday morning for changing categories. Isolated 45 kt gusts 05Z to 10Z Sat, especially at KJFK. Isolated 40 kt gusts Saturday afternoon. OUTLOOK FOR 00Z SUNDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY... Saturday Night: VFR. SW 20-25 kt G30-35 kt isolated 40 kt gusts. Sunday: Mainly VFR, chance of MVFR with a slight chance of snow showers or flurries during the afternoon. W 15-25kt G30-35kt, isolated 40kt gust. Monday: VFR. Tuesday: MVFR or lower possible with a chance of snow. Wednesday: VFR. W-NW gusts 25 to 30kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE... Gales are up on all waters for tonight as SE winds ramp up to 25-35 kt with gusts 40 to 45 kt after midnight, highest on the ocean waters. A brief gust up to 50 kt possible late on the ocean, but duration does not warrant a storm warning. Behind the system, a westerly gale is likely Sat into Sat night, especially for the ocean and the eastern Sound/bays. Gales are again possible on Sun. Winds decrease Sun ngt, with all areas likely blw sca criteria Mon and most of Tue. A sca may be needed, especially on the ocean, Wed and possibly Thu with low pres over the Atlc. && .HYDROLOGY... Hydrologic impacts are likely late tonight into Saturday. WPC continues a slight risk of excessive rainfall, due to another round of moderate to heavy rain. 1 to 2.5 inches of rainfall is currently forecast, with locally higher amounts possible. The heaviest rain is forecast to be across interior southern CT due to orographic enhancement from a strong SE flow. With rivers and streams running high from previous rainfall, widespread minor to moderate river flooding looks likely along the fast- responding rivers and streams in NE NJ, the Lower Hudson Valley, and southern CT. There are no hydrologic concerns Saturday night through Thursday at this time. It is too early to talk specific snowfall amounts with the potential coastal low early to mid next week. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... Widespread minor to moderate with areas of major coastal flood potential continues to increase for the Saturday morning high tide as SE gales build surge to 3-4 ft Fri night, with a wind shift to SW gales Saturday morning near the time of high tide. Timing of wind shift will be an important factor for the magnitude of surge. This scenario, like the Tue night and Dec 18th events, is conducive to water piling up in the Great South Bay during strongest wind forcing, inhibited from drainage thru inlets as tide comes in and accompanied by high wave action, and then shifting this elevated water to the east side of the bay with the wind shift. Potential for widespread major exits here. Major flood thresholds looks to be a reasonable worst case scenario for Jamaica Bay. Elsewhere, widespread minor to locally moderate flooding is expected. Along the oceanfront, breaking surf height should be lower than the last couple of events, but 12-16 ft breaking surf with similarly elevated water levels, impacting compromised dune structure will likely result in another round of widespread dune erosion and scattered overwashes. Localized breaches possible where dunes have been severely compromised and barrier beaches are narrow. Forecast details will be refined over the next 24 hrs. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...Flood Watch from 10 PM EST this evening through Saturday morning for CTZ005>012. Wind Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 6 AM EST Saturday for CTZ008>011. Coastal Flood Warning from 9 AM to 3 PM EST Saturday for CTZ009-010. Coastal Flood Warning from 7 AM to 2 PM EST Saturday for CTZ011-012. Wind Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 9 AM EST Saturday for CTZ012. NY...Flood Watch from 10 PM EST this evening through Saturday morning for NYZ069>071. Wind Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 6 AM EST Saturday for NYZ071>075-078-080-176>179. Coastal Flood Warning from 7 AM to 2 PM EST Saturday for NYZ178. Wind Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 9 AM EST Saturday for NYZ079-081. Coastal Flood Advisory from 7 AM to 2 PM EST Saturday for NYZ072-074-075. Coastal Flood Advisory from 9 AM to 3 PM EST Saturday for NYZ071-073-078-176-177. Coastal Flood Warning from 7 AM to 6 PM EST Saturday for NYZ079>081-179. NJ...Flood Watch from 10 PM EST this evening through Saturday morning for NJZ002-004-006-103>108. Wind Advisory from 10 PM this evening to 6 AM EST Saturday for NJZ006-106-108. Coastal Flood Advisory from 7 AM to 2 PM EST Saturday for NJZ006-104-106-108. MARINE...Gale Warning until 6 AM EST Sunday for ANZ331-332-335-338-340- 345-350-353-355. && $$ SYNOPSIS...JMC/DW NEAR TERM...JMC/DW SHORT TERM...DW LONG TERM...JMC AVIATION...DR/JT MARINE...JMC/DW HYDROLOGY...JMC/DW TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...