539
FXUS61 KOKX 272023
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
423 PM EDT Mon May 27 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
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A frontal system will moves through the area tonight. A series of reinforcing cold fronts will then move across the area during the middle of the week. High pressure builds in Friday into the upcoming weekend.
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&& .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 8 AM TUESDAY MORNING/...
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Key messages on the shower/thunderstorm threat through late this evening: * A few bands of showers and embedded thunderstorms moving east across the areas through this evening. * Flood threat: There is a localized flash flood threat in the path of training downpours and thunderstorms into this evening. A widespread minor urban/poor drainage flood threat exists for the entire area. * Severe thunderstorm threat: SVR TSTM Watch 333 in effect for NYC, LoHud, and NE NJ thru 9 pm. The main concern is from damaging wind gusts and hail to around 1" in diameter. An isolated and brief tornado is possible as well. * Conditions will quickly dry out from west to east after midnight. Initial line of leading convection and trailing stratiform rain will continue to move NE across LI/S CT this late aft. Rainfall rates of up to 1" in 30 minutes had been experienced with this line across NYC metro and W LI. This line will continue to weaken as it moves east. Focus turns to convection over eastern PA ahead of pre- frontal trough, which is organizing a bit and moving east into the watch area. Strong onshore flow, and earlier convection, will keep surface instability (weak) mainly west of the Hudson River, but with increasing elevated instability. Approaching shortwave from Ohio/Pa border, moderate shear profiles and increasing surface based instability to the west of the region are supportive of E PA convection continuing to strengthen as it moves E/NE into western portions of the Tri- State btwn 5 and 8 pm. This continued organization is supported in the CAMs updraft helicity output (particularly with the better initialized 12z NSSL WRF). As this activity works into the local Tri-State, west of the Hudson River, it will encounter an increasingly more stable environment, but bring a potential for isolated to scattered strong to damaging winds before becoming elevated. A non-zero threat for a brief tornado exists with this activity, mainly west of the Hudson, with the strong low- level veering/helicity/shear environment. The severe risk quickly diminishes as this activity moves east of the Hudson River/NYC due to stronger marine influence after 8-9pm. At the same time, PWATs are continuing to rise to near 2 inches late this aft/eve with strengthening S/SW llj, which would exceed the daily observed max for May 27th per SPC sounding climatology. Dewpoints in the upper 60s to around 70!. Locally heavy downpours are occurring with any convection, with NYC mesonets obs peaking out at 0.2 to 0.4" of rain in 5 minutes. This easily translates to 2+"/hr rainfall rates, which presents a localized flash flood threat for any areas that are in the path of training downpours and tstms. Favored area for the localized flash flood threat is across the hill terrain N&W of NYC with better combo of instability and orographics, but also across NYC metro, W LI, SW CT and LoHud with up to an inch of rainfall with earlier aft rainfall. No flood watch, as the flash flood threat continues to be isolated. In addition, headwater guidance indicating basin average rainfall amounts of 2" in 6hr, 3" in 12 hr, need for minor flooding of flashy rivers/streams. This is a low and localized threat. Storm total rainfall expected to range from 0.75 to 1.25", but locally 3" amounts possible per high res CAMs and observed rates. Once again the high end potential would be favored across the hill terrain N&W of NYC with better combo of instability and orographics, and more localized elsewhere. The cold front quickly follows the pre-frontal trough helping to push the deep moisture and lift eastward with improving conditions from west to east between 9pm and 1am. Patchy fog will linger across eastern Long Island and southeast Connecticut into this evening, finally scouring out after convection moves through.
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&& .SHORT TERM /8 AM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/...
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Mean troughing continues across the region Tuesday, with initial shortwave exiting east late tonight and broad trough approaching Tue afternoon into Tue night. Atmosphere dries out significantly behind the initial shortwave and exiting cold front late tonight into Tue AM. A couple of weak cold fronts moves through the region Tuesday AM and PM. With limited moisture and W/SW flow, expecting dry conditions and only scattered aft cu. Gusty offshore flow (25 to 30 mph), deep mixing, and gradual CAA should allow for temps to rise into the lower to mid 80s for much of the area. Have leaned towards NBM ensemble 50th percentile w/ favorable synoptic setup for heating and NBM deterministic lying near the 25th percentile. Low pressure continues to track across New England Tuesday night dragging a PM weak front across the area. Unseasonably mild conditions continue Tue Night in weak offshore flow.
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&& .LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... An upper level trough remains over the region to start to the long term with an mid level shortwave moving across the region on Thursday. There continue to be differences with the progression of shortwave energy within the upper trough. The GFS continues to be more progressive with this feature, while the ECMWF has remained fairly consistent with a slower, stronger system. The latter of which reflects a surface low to the south of the area, For now, will continue to carry just some chance POPS during this period. Expecting at least a chance of showers areawide Wednesday night into Thursday. Confidence remains somewhat low during this time. The shortwave moves away from the region Thursday night with drier air moving into the area. Attention then turns to the upper trough closing off just offshore on Friday. There clearly has been an eastward progression of this low, which in turn leads to a mainly dry forecast with surface high pressure building into the area over the weekend. There are then timing issues with a frontal system progressing from the west which could bring showers into the region next Sunday. Right now, expecting a mainly dry weekend. A better chance of showers returns on Monday. Highs in the long term will generally remain in the 70s each day, with the warmest of the day Sunday and Monday, where a few locations may come close to 80 west of NYC. && .AVIATION /20Z MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
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A frontal system moves through into tonight. MVFr or lower through tonight as rounds of SHRA and embedded TSRA moving through this afternoon and into the first part of tonight. Thunderstorm chances decrease for most terminals by 2Z. Conditions should decline to IFR or lower across the region this evening, potentially LIFR overnight in areas of fog development as the rain tapers by 6Z, before quick improvement to VFR toward 12Z Tue. Improvement may take up to a couple of hours longer east of the city terminals. A general S or SE flow 10-15ktG20-25kt thru the rest of the day. Winds speeds lower to 10 kt or less tonight and become more SW or W into early Tuesday morning. Blustery on Tuesday, speeds increase toward 15ktG25kt much of the day, generally out of the west. NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Amendments expected today for changing flight categories. Timing of thunder window may be off by 1-2 hours. OUTLOOK FOR 18Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY... Tuesday: VFR. W winds 10-15G20kt. Tuesday Night: VFR. Light WNW flow. Wednesday and Thursday: Late Night/AM MVFR/IFR stratus/fog potential. Otherwise VFR, with chance of aftn SHRA/TSRA. Friday and Saturday: VFR. Light NW flow. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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Showers and embedded tstms will moves across the water through around midnight. Dense fog advisory remains in effect for eastern LI Sound into this evening, with unseasonably moist airmass advecting over cool waters. Elsewhere with turbulent flow and slightly better heating over the water, fog potential will be patchy. Improving cond from west to east after midnight. SCA SE flow will fall below after the pre-frontal trough passage and strongest flow pushes east this evening. However, seas are likely to build to around 5 ft this evening into tonight. The SCA continues for the ocean waters through 10z Tuesday. Conditions should then remain below SCA levels through Wednesday. Winds and seas will generally remain below SCA criteria for the middle and end of the week.
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&& .HYDROLOGY...
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Initial line of leading convection and trailing stratiform rain will continue to move NE across LI/S CT this late aft while weakening. Focus turns to approaching cluster of heavy downpours and tstms from E PA/C NJ Locally heavy downpours are occurring with any convection, with NYC mesonets obs peaking out at 0.2 to 0.4" of rain in 5 minutes. This easily translates to 2+"/hr rainfall rates, which presents a localized flash flood threat for any areas that are in the path of training downpours and tstms. Favored area for the localized flash flood threat is across the hill terrain N&W of NYC with better combo of instability and orographics, but also across NYC metro, W LI, SW CT and LoHud where up to an inch of rain fell with earlier rainfall. No flood watch, as the flash flood threat continues to be isolated. In addition, headwater guidance indicating basin average rainfall amounts of 2" in 6hr, 3" in 12 hr, need for minor flooding of flashy rivers/streams. This is a low and localized threat. Storm total rainfall expected to range from 0.75 to 1.25", but locally 3" amounts possible per high res CAMs and observed rates. Once again the high end potential would be favored across the hill terrain N&W of NYC with better combo of instability and orographics, and more localized elsewhere.
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&& .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... A strengthening southerly flow ahead of a frontal system will allow for building surf today with the rip current risk increasing to moderate in the afternoon. A moderate rip current risk continues on Tuesday due to 3 to 4 ft seas continuing on the ocean. This is supported by the latest RCMOS. Additionally, isolated minor coastal flooding will be possible with tonight`s high tide cycle. A statement may be needed for the south shore back bays of Nassau County. Heaviest rain appears to occur before the time of high tide, which could limit compound flood impacts. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...Dense Fog Advisory until 8 PM EDT this evening for ANZ331-332- 340. Small Craft Advisory until midnight EDT tonight for ANZ332-338- 340-345. Small Craft Advisory until 8 PM EDT Tuesday for ANZ350-353. Small Craft Advisory until 8 AM EDT Tuesday for ANZ355.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...BC/NV NEAR TERM...NV SHORT TERM...NV LONG TERM...BC AVIATION...DR MARINE...BC/NV HYDROLOGY...BC/NV TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...