897
FXUS61 KOKX 041436
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
1036 AM EDT Thu Jul 4 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
A weak cold front moves towards the area today and stalls near
the area tonight into Friday morning. This front lifts back
north Friday, with a slow moving frontal system pushing through
the region Friday Night into Saturday Night. The front stalls
just southeast of the area Sunday into Monday as weak high
pressure builds into the area. The front may then lift back to
the north Monday night into Tuesday ahead of another frontal
system working east across the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley
states.

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.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
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Only adjustment to the forecast was to extend the slight chance of showers this morning a little farther east than previously forecast. General agreement on broad upper troughing across southeastern Canada today into tonight, while a closed low develops over the northern plains and slides east into the Great Lakes. This will place the region on the southern edge of an active (convectively induced vorts and enhanced weak shortwaves) southwesterly upper flow. At the surface, a weak cold front/pre-frontal trough approaches today and then settles over the region tonight. Seasonably warm and very humid conditions with continued WAA WSW flow aloft today (lower 80s coast to mid to upper 80s NYC metro and areas N&W). 90 to 95 degrees heat indices likely for NE NJ this afternoon. Weak shortwave/vort energy moving through the upper flow should be trigger for isolated to scattered slow moving tsra/downpour development in vicinity of weak pre-frontal trough/cold front to the west and possible isolated development along well inland moving sea breeze boundary in a marginally unstable and sub- tropical environment (2"+ PWATS) this aft/eve. Models in better agreement with a weak but distinct convectively enhanced shortwave over the Mid Mississippi River Valley this morning, approaching the region this evening. Models have also consistently trended upwards towards building marginal instability and deep layer shear for areas west of the Hudson R thru PA this aft/eve ahead of approaching shortwave. This has increased confidence in scattered tstm and heavy downpour development across PA working into areas w of the Hudson R this aft/eve. Can`t rule out an isolated strong storm across this area. Interestingly CAMs are less bullish on convective coverage than 12 to 24 hrs ago, perhaps due to a bit slower shortwave approach, outside of peak aft heating. SPC HREF 3"/3hr of 10 percent is currently centered over the LoHud and SE PA, signaling an isolated threat for flash flooding from slow moving and deeper convection. With seabreeze (marine layer) working N&W of NYC/NJ metro this aft/eve, convection should become elevated and weaken as it moves to the coast. With shortwave support moving east and sub- tropical environment, threat for a few downpours and embedded elevated tstms could translate east across NYC, CT and LI tonight. The weak frontal boundary appears to sink just south of the region late tonight as shortwave energy moves east, bringing convection threat to an end. Otherwise, warm and muggy conditions tonight, with potential for nocturnal stratus/fog development in moist and weak flow environment.
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&& .SHORT TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/... Broad upper troughing across southeastern Canada retreats northward Friday into Saturday, with the closed low over the Great Lakes Friday shearing into Ontario/Quebec on Saturday. The weak shortwave moves east of the region Friday AM, with another weak shortwave approaching Fri eve. At the surface, its appears the weak cold front sinks south of the region by daybreak Fri, but then lifts back north as a warm front Fri PM, aided by afternoon seabreeze development. Subsidence and mid- level drying in the wake of the departing shortwave should allow for a window for good heating after morning stratus/fog dissipates. This should allow for very warm and humid conditions (lower to mid 80s coast, to upper 80s to around 90 for NE NJ and LoHud). Potential for iso to scattered late aft/eve convection, mainly for areas N&W of NYC with approach of next shortwave, and in vicinity of warm front/seabreeze, in a marginally unstable and modestly sheared environment. An isolated strong storm possible. Lack of focus and stabilizing marine layer to the east across the coast should limit shra/tsra activity thru Fri eve. Increasing threat for heavy downpours and embedded tstm developing and sliding w to e across the entire area Fri Night thru Sat AM with strengthening mid/upper support ahead of shearing closed low to the west, and strengthening low-level jet ahead of eastward moving pre-frontal trough advecting in an increasingly sub-tropical (weak instability, deep moisture and warm cloud layer, and 2"+ PWATS) environment. Pre-frontal trough appears to stall over the area Sat, with potential for scattered afternoon convection ahead/along this Sat aft/eve. This appears to be the best chance of a few strong to severe tstms, particularly NYC and points N&W, based on mid- upper level support ahead of shearing shortwave trough axis, moderate deep layer shear and marginal instability environment. Activity should weaken in intensity as it translates to the coast with waning instability and deepening coastal stable layer Sat Eve. GEFS initialized CSU MLP indicating a 5 to 15% probability of excessive rainfall with this activity Saturday. Exact location of the boundary will determine possible focus for training convection and localized flash flood threat as flow parallels the stalled boundary. More clarity on this part of the forecast in the next 24 to 48 hrs. Finally, very warm temps with an increasing humid airmass is increasing the potential of heat advisory criteria being met for NE NJ and possibly portions of the LoHud for the Friday- Saturday period. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... Not much change from what was inherited as hot and humid conditions are likely to persist through the long term, featuring a longwave trough over the Central US and a Western Atlantic ridge. The upper air pattern gradually translates east during this time. At the onset of the period, a weak cold front will pass just southeast of the area early Sunday morning with high pressure building in from the west into Monday. This should be a dry start to the period, but will need to watch how far offshore the boundary gets. Shortwave energy embedded within the longwave trough to the west will then send a frontal system east across the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley states Monday night into Tuesday. This will bring increasing chance of convection Tuesday into Wednesday. A deep-layered SW flow during this time will maintain very warm conditions across the area along with increasing humidity through the middle of next week. Daytime highs during this time will generally be in the mid and upper 80s away from the immediate coast, along with some lower 90s across metro NJ. Lows will mainly be in the upper 60s to lower 70s, warmest across the NYC metro. Max heat indices at this time look to fall just short of 95. Largely stayed close to national blended guidance for this update. Highs generally fall below the 50th percentile and in some cases below the 25th along the coast. && .AVIATION /15Z THURSDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
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Offshore high pressure will continue to give way to an approaching weak cold front or surface trough that moves into the area late this afternoon into tonight. Mainly a VFR forecast outside of any scattered aft/eve showers and thunderstorms. The best chance looks to be across the Lower Hudson Valley, where the PROB30 for thunder was converted to a TEMPO group. Lesser confidence closer to NYC. With low confidence on timing and coverage, will make the prob30 groups tempo, but will convert the TSRA to SHRA. There remains some uncertainty as to how quickly any activity weaken as it approaches the NYC terminals. The trend has also been later. Even lower confidence east of NYC, so will remove any mention of precip for now. MVFR/IFR conditions develop late tonight, primarily impacting the coastal terminals. S-SW winds less than 10 kt this morning will strengthen a bit with perhaps a few gusts up to 20 kt at the coast later this afternoon. However, there is less confidence of a southerly coastal jet forming in the late aft/eve impacting the NYC terminals. Winds back to more southerly in the afternoon. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Amendments will be likely for the timing of showers and thunderstorms late this afternoon and evening. KEWR may for a time become 140-150 due to a seabreeze in the afternoon. OUTLOOK FOR 12Z FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY... Friday and Saturday: MVFR or lower cond possible at times with continued chance of showers/tstms. Sunday and Monday: VFR. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE... Prevailing sub-SCA conditions through Friday. However, marginal SCA gusts possible this aft/eve at the entrance to NY Harbor and western Great South Bay with coastal jet development. Ocean seas may approach 5 ft in this area this eve. Winds and seas expected to remain below SCA levels on Friday with slightly weaker pressure gradient. Better chance of SCA cond Fri Night into Sat Night on the ocean as strengthening S flow increases to 15-20G25kt and seas build to 4 to 6 ft. Potential for nearshore gusts to 25 kt as well. High pressure building across the waters Sunday into Monday will result in a weak flow and sub-SCA conditions. && .HYDROLOGY... Isolated slow moving thunderstorms with heavy downpours producing 1- 2"/hr rainfall rates are possible this aft/eve and Fri aft/eve, mainly west of the Hudson River. Primary threat is for minor/poor drainage flooding. Approaching shortwave and slow moving frontal boundary crossing Friday night into Saturday NIght will bring the potential for localized 1-2"/hr rainfall rates with scattered heavy downpour and embedded tstm threat across the entire area. With limited instability for deep convection, primary threat will be for minor urban/poor drainage flooding, but a localized flash flood threat will exist in path of any training convection. Exact location will be refined over the next 24 to 48 hours. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... There is a moderate to high risk for rip current development along NYC/LI ocean beaches today and Friday with a combo of building southerly wind wave and 2 to 3 ft E/SE swell. The high risk is for W LI and NYC beaches this aft/eve due to enhanced seabreeze formation and large tidal range, which is possible once again Fri aft/eve. More widespread threat of high risk of rip currents for all NYC/LI ocean beaches possible on Saturday. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...None. NY...High Risk for Rip Currents until 9 PM EDT this evening for NYZ075- 178-179. NJ...None. MARINE...None.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...NV/DW NEAR TERM...JC/NV SHORT TERM...NV LONG TERM...NV/DW AVIATION...BC/DW MARINE...NV/DW HYDROLOGY...NV/DW TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...