089
FXUS61 KOKX 120949
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
549 AM EDT Sat Oct 12 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
High pressure will reside south of the area tonight. A cold
front swings through Saturday and stalls to the south Saturday
night. The front lifts north as a warm front late Sunday into
Sunday night along with developing low pressure. The low drags a
cold front through Monday morning into Monday afternoon, with
high pressure slowly building in thereafter.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
-- Changed Discussion --
Forecast is on track with only minor changes needed. Tranquil conditions continue today despite the passage of a cold front this morning. Much of the dynamics associated with the front will be limited well to north as its associated upper shortwave trough moves through northern New England. The flow aloft looks to become more zonal and progressive over southern New England and the Northeast as a whole by this afternoon. With a northwesterly flow, some downsloping off the higher terrain will allow temperatures to warm to above normal levels today, with highs in the upper 60s to middle 70s.
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&& .SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH MONDAY/... High pressure builds in for the first part of tonight. The cold front begins to move north late tonight, with a weak area of low pressure over the mid-West riding the frontal boundary and heading east. At the same time, an upper level trough dives south from the western Great Lakes region and aid in some intensification of this low over the Northeast. Most of the deterministic models show the low intensifying as it rounds the trough and heads into northern New England. A period of light rain showers is therefore in the forecast from Sunday into Sunday night. Some lingering showers are possible for eastern areas Monday morning. Some CAMs try to bring in some showers late tonight into NYC and points east, however looking at forecast soundings, instability does not look impressive to warrant any POPs. Any showers should be limited to the interior for tonight, with the best chances for any precipitation actually occurring Sunday night. There is also a brief period window for the possibility of thunder for the first half of Sunday night as instability aloft increases to a couple hundred J/kg, so continue to carry a slight chance for thunder from 2 am to 8 am Sunday night into Monday morning. Generally, light rain is expected with anywhere from 0.10"-0.50" in the forecast. The highest amounts are expected across the Lower Hudson Valley and inland CT, while lower amounts are expected across NYC, NE NJ, and Long Island (eastern areas of Long Island may be on the higher side of the aforementioned range as the low intensifies east of the area, it could bring some heavier showers in before it departs). There is a decent temperature gradient across the forecast area on Sunday, with area north and west of NYC seeing highs in the 50s, while the city and coastal areas see highs in the upper 60s to lower 70s. This is because the frontal boundary is expected to be within the forecast area on Sunday. However, there is a large spread in temperatures seen in the NBM for Sunday (as much as 9 degrees in some cases) as there is uncertainty in where the frontal boundary will be. If it ends up farther north than is currently forecast, then temperatures will likely be warmer than what is currently in the forecast. If it remains to the south, then cooler temperatures can be expected. The cold front moves through on Monday and high pressure builds in behind it. Precipitation will end from west to east through the day, with dry conditions expected everywhere by sunset. Highs on Monday will be seasonable, ranging from the upper 50s inland, to the upper 60s along the coast. With the strengthening low pressure to the north and the high building in, a strong pressure gradient will set up over the area, and breezy conditions are expected, with gusts of 20 to 30 mph. && .LONG TERM /MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY/... Sunday evening starts out with a deepening upper level trough approaching from our west. The associated surface low at that time should be centered somewhere over western PA, with its warm front extending just north of our area or over northern portions of the area. The low will deepen as it approaches and will likely pass just over or near the area early Monday morning. Its cold front then passes through later Monday morning into the afternoon, ushering in the coolest airmass of the season. In terms of weather, this system will bring rainy and windy conditions. There is still some spread across the guidance, but general consensus has the most likely period of rain being Sunday night. PoPs don`t end until Monday night with the chance for some lingering rain through the day on Monday and the possibility of the front moving through later. With some instability available and strong lift, thunder can not be ruled out and have added to the forecast for Sunday night. The heaviest totals will likely be well north of the area, with an average total of a few tenths for us. Amounts will be locally higher in any thunderstorms. We could see some gusty southerly winds ahead of the frontal passage, but the stronger winds likely come later on Monday behind the front with cold advection in a W/NW flow. Even mixing down winds from halfway up the model mixed layer supports gusts in the mid to upper 20 kts. Blended in NBM 90th percentile gusts to show this. The gust forecast could continue to trend up. Dry conditions expected thereafter, with high pressure very gradually building in. Gusty conditions could continue as the pressure gradient remains relatively tight. Dewpoints drop to the low to mid 30s by Monday night and likely stay there through the end of the week. While the winds remaining elevated do not support radiational cooling, the cool airmass itself will bring lows in the mid 30s to low 40s for the rest of the week. This is well below average for early October. && .AVIATION /10Z SATURDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... VFR as a dry cold front approaches and passes through after daybreak, and high pressure builds in during the afternoon and at night. W-WSW flow 10 kt or less should continue until fropa at 12Z-13Z, with winds shifting out of the NW 10-15G20-25kt, diminishing late in the afternoon. LLWS possible before fropa, with NW flow 35-40 kt at FL020. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Stronger NW winds could last an hour or two longer into the afternoon than fcst. OUTLOOK FOR 06Z SUNDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY... Late tonight: VFR. Sunday: Chance of showers with VFR for much of the time. S winds 10-15G20kt in the afternoon at the metros and along the coast. Sunday night: Showers likely, possibly an evening tstm. MVFR cond possible especially inland. S-SW winds 10-15G20kt in the evening at the metros and along the coast. Monday: Showers likely with MVFR cond in the morning, especially at the Long Island/CT terminals, ending in the afternoon. W winds becoming 15G20-25kt increasing to 15-20G25-30kt in the afternoon. Monday night: VFR. W wind 15-20G25-30kt early, becoming NW 10-15G20kt by late evening. Tuesday: VFR. W winds 15G20-25kt. Wednesday: VFR. NW winds 10-15G20-25kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90 && .MARINE... Small Craft Advisories continue on the ocean waters today, mainly for waves of 5 to 6 ft. Waves are expected to diminish from late morning onward as the flow becomes more NW. The western ocean zone will drop below 5 ft by mid morning, if not a bit earlier. The other 2 zones are staggered in time, with the central ocean zone falling below by late this morning and the eastern ocean zone by early to mid afternoon. Conditions remain below SCA criteria on all waters through Sunday morning. The approach of a frontal system to the south and then a strengthening pressure gradient from Sunday afternoon into Monday will mean a prolonged period of SCA on the ocean waters during this time frame as waves build to 4 to 8 ft and wind gusts of 25 to around 30 kt are possible. By Monday afternoon, all waters are expected to see SCA gusts. Did not issue SCA for this period just yet as it was late third period. SCA cond in NW flow should continue on all waters Mon night, with gusts 25-30 kt and ocean seas 5-8 ft. Thereafter, SCA cond likely on the ocean Tue into Wed night, with seas 3-5 ft and gust up to 25 kt. Could also see a brief round of SCA cond on the non ocean waters especially the Sound late day Tue into Tue night, with gusts up to 25 kt. && .HYDROLOGY... There are no hydrologic concerns through the forecast period. && .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. NJ...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 4 PM EDT this afternoon for ANZ350- 353. Small Craft Advisory until noon EDT today for ANZ355. && $$ SYNOPSIS...BG/JP NEAR TERM...JP SHORT TERM...JP LONG TERM...BG AVIATION...BG MARINE...BG/JP HYDROLOGY...BG/JP