864
FXUS61 KOKX 312119
AFDOKX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New York NY
419 PM EST Tue Dec 31 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
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Developing low pressure will approach from the southwest this evening, pass over the area late tonight, then move along the eastern New England coast Wednesday into Wednesday evening and into eastern Canada late Wednesday night into Thursday. A series of disturbances will move across Friday into Saturday. High pressure will then begin to build from the west on Sunday. Low pressure could impact the area early next week as it passes mostly to the south.
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&& .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/...
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*Two to four hour period of locally heavy rain and embedded thunderstorms to ring in the New year A strong, negatively-tilted shortwave trough over the Ohio Valley this afternoon will pivot into PA/NY tonight. At the surface, primary low pressure moves ne from Ohio this afternoon through the eastern Great Lakes region this evening. Shortawve and ulj energy will induced secondary cyclogenesis along its associated warm front over the DelMarVa this evening, and the tracking over or just south of the local Tri- State tonight. Expect shower activity to increase from SW/NE between 6pm and 8pm this evening. A 2 to 4 hr period of moderate to locally heavy rain with embedded thunderstorm activity likely between 8pm and 2am imnediately ahead of and southeast of the developing low. Rainfall rates of generally 1/4" to 1/2" for a 2 to 4 hr period, with brief peak rates of 3/4" to 1" possible with any training convection. Minor urban and poor drainage flooding possible. 12z Fcst soundings have trended slightly higher with elevated instability (MUCAPE) above a sfc-based inversion, as well as CAPE in the -10C to -30C region, to strengthen potetnial for isolated thunderstorms across NE NJ, NYC and western Long Island. Only slight chance thunder fcst for most areas north/east of there. Small hail and winds gusts to 40 mph possible with any isolated stronger thunderstorms. Severe tstms are not expected based on consensus low pressure track and with modest low-level inversion, but a further NW jog of low pressure would introduce less than a 5% risk of damaging winds gusts and less than a 2% tor risk (within 25 miles of a point) into southern portions of NYC/NJ metro and LI. Very low prob of this occurring. Timing for rain in the NYC metro area still looks to be about 00Z- 07Z, and an hour or two later to the north/east. Peak timing of thunder from 02z to 06z in the NYC metro area, and an hour or two later to the north/east In additon, nose of 35 to 40 kt LLJ slides across coastal areas this evening, with a few hours of peak SE winds of 15 to 20 mph gusts 25 to 30 mph ahead of low/occluded front. Rain tapers to isolated shower activity from west to east between 5z and 9z in wake of occluded front/low pressure, but still under deep cylconic flow. Generally light westerly flow in wake of front overnight and weak CAA, with temps remaining well abvoe seasonable in the 40s.
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&& .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY/...
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Deep troughing continues across the northeast US thru the period, with lead shortwave sliding east Wed AM, and trailing shortwave appropaching Wed aft and crossing Wed eve. At the surface, coastal low pressure departs up the New England coast on Wed, with secondary cold front crossing the region Wed aft. The pressure gradient tightens in the wake of the deepening and departing low Wed AM. W winds should pick up beginning Wed AM, with strongest winds in wake of cold front/trough Wed aft/eve with 20 to 30 gusts 45 to 55 mph. Gradient remains strong overnight, with winds 45-50 kt at top of mixed layer, but with lapse rates weakening a bit overnight, peak wind gusts will likley remain capped at 45 to 50 mph into Thu AM. Pressure gradient appears to remain tight into Thu aft as low pressure deepens over northern Maine/new Brunswick, with winds at top of mixed layer 45-50 kt in a steeper mixing profile. This should support resurgence of westerly 45-55 mph wind gust threat into the afternoon. Wind advisory to address hazard for Wed aft into Thu eve. Considerable cloud cover in cyclonic flow, with scattered rain shower likely Wed aft/eve with shortwave/cold frontal passage. With cold advection behind front, a few snow showers possible at tail end across interior, particularly higher elvations. Mild conditions on Wed with nearly stationary highs in the upper 40s/lower 50s giving way to cold advection late Wed aft into into Thu. Low temps in the lower/mid 30s Wed night, and high temps in the upper 30s/lower 40s on Thu. Windchills in the 20s Wed Night thru Thu.
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&& .LONG TERM /THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/...
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Will be updated shortly... Key points include cold/blustery/mainly dry conditions until potentially early next week, with chances of snow. Uncertainty is high for early next week with resulting wide variances of snowfall forecasts. Temperatures forecast to become more below normal through the weekend. The gusty winds will make it feel about ten degrees colder than the actual temperatures regarding the forecast high temperatures. Mid level quasi-zonal flow Thursday night into Friday will transition to more trough Friday night. The trough stays across the region through the weekend and then shifts east offshore early next week. Any ridging appears brief with more troughing for next Tuesday. At the surface, strong low pressure in SE Canada starts the long term forecast period Thursday night. Then, a disturbance approaches the region Friday from the west, eventually going offshore Friday night into early Saturday. High pressure gradually makes a return, as it slowly builds in from the west Sunday. However, magnitude of high pressure will not be too strong. Low pressure developing south and west moves south of local region early next week.
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&& .AVIATION /21Z TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
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A developing area of low pressure crosses over the terminals tonight before exiting to the northeast during the day on Wednesday. VFR conditions will prevail through 00Z, then quickly deteriorate to MVFR/IFR after 02Z in rain. A few thunderstorms are possible as well, generally between 02-05Z. A period of LLWS is also expected late this evening with SE winds near 40-45 kt at 2kft. Conditions then gradually begin to improve during the day on Wednesday. SE winds at 5-10 kt will continue to back to the E this evening while increasing to 10-15 kt at coastal terminals. Wind direction will vary significantly between 06-12Z as low pressure passes overhead. Winds then return out of the W Wednesday morning and increase in speed through the day, with gusts 25 kt or greater by 18Z at most terminals. ...NY Metro (KEWR/KLGA/KJFK/KTEB) TAF Uncertainty... Amendments likely tonight with the onset of rain and lowering cigs/vsbys. Wind direction will become highly variable overnight as low pressure moves across the area. OUTLOOK FOR 18Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY... Wednesday afternoon: Improving to VFR. Chance of -SHRA at KSWF in the afternoon. Increasing W winds G25-35kt, occasionally up to 40 kt, by afternoon. Thursday: VFR. W winds G25-35kt with occasional gusts up to 40 kt. Gusts decrease Thursday night. Friday through Sunday: Mainly VFR. W winds G20-25kt. Detailed information, including hourly TAF wind component forecasts, can be found at: https:/www.weather.gov/zny/n90
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&& .MARINE...
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As low pressure approaches tonight, expect SE-S gusts to 25-30 kt developing on the ocean this evening and then translating eastward across southern bays and eastern LI Sound. A few gusts up to 35 kt may be possible on the eastern ocean waters, but appears too inverted for any more than brief and infrequent. Winds should subside below SCA briefly on all waters late tonight in wake of developing low pressure. Westerly winds then quickly increasing thru SCA to Gale Wed AM into early afternoon for the ocean waters, and then all water Wed aft. Sustained W winds 25-35 kt and gusts 40-45 kt expected to continue into Thu eve, before gradually diminishing to SCA Thu night. Gales should linger on most of the waters Thu evening.
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&& .HYDROLOGY...
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Rainfall rates of 1/4 to 1/2" likely with heaviest precip, briefly 3/4-1" with any heavier convection this evening. Basinwide rainfall totals of 1/2 to 3/4", with locally 1 1/2" possible if/where there is more persistent heavy rain shower/tstm banding. Most of this falls in a 3 to 4 hr time period, which may cause some minor urban and poor drainage flood issues.
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&& .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
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Per bias corrected ETSS/ESTOFS and NYHOPS central forecast blend, water levels may touch minor flood thresholds along the south shore bays of LI (including eastern Great South Bay, Moriches Bay, and Shinnecock Bay), Jamaica Bay and along the most vulnerable portions along NY Harbor with the Wed AM high tide. Statement issued to address this.
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&& .OKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
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CT...Wind Advisory from 3 PM Wednesday to 10 PM EST Thursday for CTZ005>012. NY...Wind Advisory from 3 PM Wednesday to 10 PM EST Thursday for NYZ067>075-078>081-176>179. NJ...Wind Advisory from 3 PM Wednesday to 10 PM EST Thursday for NJZ002-004-006-103>108. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory from 7 PM this evening to 6 AM EST Wednesday for ANZ331-332-340-345. Gale Warning from 1 PM Wednesday to 10 PM EST Thursday for ANZ331-332-335-338-340-345. Small Craft Advisory until 6 AM EST Wednesday for ANZ350-353- 355. Gale Warning from 6 AM Wednesday to 1 AM EST Friday for ANZ350- 353-355.
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&& $$ SYNOPSIS...JP/NV NEAR TERM...NV SHORT TERM...NV LONG TERM...JP AVIATION...FEB MARINE...JP/NV HYDROLOGY...JP/NV TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...NV